Publications

Maternal and neonatal outcomes of vitamin D supplementation in hypovitaminosis D pregnancy: preg-D randomized trial

Chakhtoura M, Nassar AH, Ajjour S, Rahme M, Assaad M, Nabulsi M, …, Shepherd J, et al.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, , (2026)

An Integrated Academic Oncology Ecosystem for Hawaiʻi and the U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands

Lim SJS, Yamauchi H, Yamauchi T, Sumida K, Shepherd J, Shomaker TS, Buenconsejo-Lum LE, Ueno NT

Cancers, 18, 1441 (2026)

Ethnic Mixture and Body Mass Index as Modifiers of Breast Cancer Risk among Native Hawaiian Women: Insights from the Multiethnic Cohort

Valdez D, Abe JV, Bohmann P, Bogumil D, Wilkens LR, Marchand LL, Haiman CA, Shepherd JA, Maskarinec G

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 35, 597-603 (2026)

Paving the way for improved action: how nuclear techniques can advance the assessment of malnutrition

Shertukde SP, Padmanabha R, Chung ST, Gaudichon C, Jones KS, Kelly P, …, Shepherd J, et al.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 122, 646-655 (2025)

Visual demonstration of weight loss and health risk improvement with a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist

Ramirez S, Yang R, Habibovic M, Kennedy S, Bennett JP, Shepherd JA, Thomas DM, Heymsfield SB

International Journal of Obesity, 49, 2005-2010 (2025)

Deep Learning Enables Large-Scale Shape and Appearance Modeling in Total-Body DXA Imaging

Bunnell A, Cataldi D, Glaser Y, Wolfgruber T, Heymsfield SB, Zonderman AB, Kelly TL, Sadowski P, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 262-276 (2025)

High dietary total energy intake and energy density are associated with girls’ breast density during puberty

Carrasco C, Garmendia ML, Martínez-Arroyo A, Shepherd J, Pereira A

European Journal of Nutrition, 64, 245 (2025)

Bone Mineral Content, Growth, and Renal Health of Infants With Perinatal Exposure to Maternal Dolutegravir Versus Efavirenz and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Versus Tenofovir Alafenamide: The Randomized IMPAACT 2010 (VESTED) Trial

Mbengeranwa T, Ziemba L, Brummel SS, Johnston B, Cassim H, Theron G, Ngqawana Z, Wabwire D, McCarthy K, Shepherd J, Lockman S, Chinula L, Stranix‐Chibanda L, investigators FTISTA

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 99, 211-219 (2025)

Pediatric Lateral Distal Femur Reference Ranges for Ages 1 to 18 years

Zemel BS, Shepherd J, Kazemi L, Kelly A, Stallings VA, Kecskemethy HH, Weber DR, Wasserman H, Kalkwarf HJ

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 28, 101594 (2025)

Increased adiposity and impaired sleep are associated with severity of greater trochanteric pain syndrome: a cross-sectional study

Minetto MA, Busso C, Andrighetti M, Quilico E, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB, Pietrobelli A

Frontiers in Medicine, 12, 1718267 (2025)

Comparing body composition techniques against an adapted multicompartment model in individuals with excess body weight

Montenegro J, Bennett JP, Oliveira CLP, Berg A, Sharma AM, Mereu L, Shepherd J, Siervo M, Walter J, Prado CM

Nutrition, 143, 113033 (2025)

Artificial intelligence-enhanced handheld breast ultrasound for screening: A systematic review of diagnostic test accuracy

Bunnell A, Valdez D, Strand F, Glaser Y, Sadowski P, Shepherd J

PLOS Digital Health, 4, e0001019 (2025)

The gSOS polygenic score is associated with bone density and fracture risk in childhood

Mitchell JA, Bradfield JP, McCormack SE, Chesi A, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Oberfield SE, Duren DL, Shepherd J, Hankenson KD, Kelly A, Håkonarson H, Grant SF, Zemel BS

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 41, 15-24 (2025)

Prediction of mammographic breast density based on clinical breast ultrasound images using deep learning: a retrospective analysis

Bunnell A, Valdez D, Wolfgruber T, Quon BK, Hung K, Hernandez BY, Seto TB, Killeen J, Miyoshi M, Sadowski P, Shepherd J

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, 46, 101096 (2025)

Association of body composition measures to muscle strength using DXA, D3Cr, and BIA in collegiate athletes

Cataldi D, Bennett JP, Quon BK, Leong LT, Kelly TL, Binder AM, Evans JW, PRADO C, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Scientific Reports, 15, 5839 (2025)

3D convolutional deep learning for nonlinear estimation of body composition from whole body morphology

Tian IY, Liu J, Wong MC, Kelly NN, Liu YE, Garber AK, Heymsfield SB, Curless B, Shepherd J

npj Digital Medicine, 8, 79 (2025)

Tumor cell-adipocyte gap junctions activate lipolysis and contribute to breast tumorigenesis

Williams J, Camarda R, Malkov S, Zimmerman LJ, Manning S, Aran D, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Nature Communications, 16, 7438 (2025)

Race-neutral Pediatric Reference Ranges for Bone Mineral Density Predict Prospective Fractures in Childhood

Zemel BS, Winer KK, Kelly A, Freedman DS, Mitchell JA, Weber DR, McCormack SE, McWilliams T, Lappe JM, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Grant SF, Kalkwarf HJ

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 110, 3034-3048 (2025)

Methodological standards for body composition—an expert-endorsed guide for research and clinical applications: levels, models, and terminology

Prado CM, González MC, Norman K, Barazzoni R, Cederholm T, Compher C, …, Shepherd J, et al.

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 122, 384-391 (2025)

BUSClean: Open-source software for breast ultrasound image pre-processing and knowledge extraction for medical AI

Bunnell A, Hung K, Shepherd JA, Sadowski P

PLOS ONE, 19, e0315434 (2024)

Prediction of future visceral adiposity and application to cancer research: The Multiethnic Cohort Study

Wilkens LR, Castelfranco AM, Monroe KR, Kristal BS, Cheng I, Maskarinec G, Hullar MA, Lampe JW, Shepherd J, Franke AA, Ernst T, Marchand LL, Lim U

PLoS ONE, 19, e0306606 (2024)

Improving Body Composition Analysis in Oncology: Do Measures From Multicompartment, 2C and CT Agree? Implications for Monitoring Sarcopenia Risk

Bennett JP, Ford KL, Siervo M, González MC, Lukaski HC, Sawyer MB, Mourtzakis M, Deutz NE, Shepherd J, Prado CM

Current Developments in Nutrition, 8, 102322 (2024)

Accurate Prediction of 3D Humanoid Avatars for Anthropometric Modeling

Heymsfield SB, McCarthy C, Wong M, Brown J, Bennett JP, Shepherd J

Current Developments in Nutrition, 8, 103558 (2024)

Circulating Lipids in an Older, Multiethnic Population: Self-Reported Subgroups as a Gateway to Precision Nutrition

Kristal BS, Sniatynski MJ, Belenky M, Struble JS, Lim U, Hullar MA, Lampe JW, Maskarinec G, Shepherd J, Wilkens LR, Marchand LL

Current Developments in Nutrition, 8, 103619 (2024)

Markers of Maternal Bone and Renal Toxicity Through 50 Weeks Postpartum: IMPAACT 2010 (VESTED) Trial

Masheto G, Brummel SS, Ziemba L, Shepherd J, Mbengeranwa T, Igawa L, et al.

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 97, 172-179 (2024)

The Associations between Intakes of One-Carbon Metabolism–Related Vitamins and Breast Density among Young Women

Han E, Horn LV, Snetselaar L, Shepherd J, Park YJ, Kim H, Jung S, Dorgan JF

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 33, 567-575 (2024)

Accurate prediction of three-dimensional humanoid avatars for anthropometric modeling

McCarthy C, Wong MC, Brown J, Ramirez S, Yang S, Bennett JP, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

International Journal of Obesity, 48, 1741-1747 (2024)

Evaluation of body shape as a human body composition assessment in isolated conditions and remote environments

Wong MC, Bennett JP, Leong LT, Liu YE, Kelly NN, Cherry JA, Kloza K, Li B, Iuliano S, Sibonga JD, Sawyer A, Ayton J, Shepherd J

npj Microgravity, 10, 72 (2024)

The Prospective Association between Early Life Growth and Breast Density in Young Adult Women

Lloyd R, Pirikahu S, Walter EJ, Cadby G, Warrington NM, Perera D, Hickey M, Saunders C, Hackmann MJ, Sampson DD, Shepherd J, Lilge L, Stone J

Cancers, 16, 2418 (2024)

Effect of Intermittent vs. Continuous Energy Restriction on Visceral Fat: Protocol for The Healthy Diet and Lifestyle Study 2 (HDLS2)

Lewis MY, Yonemori K, Ross A, Wilkens LR, Shepherd J, Cassel K, Stenger A, Rettenmeier CA, Lim U, Boushey CJ, Marchand LL

Nutrients, 16, 1478 (2024)

Performance of Progressive Generations of GPT on an Exam Designed for Certifying Physicians as Certified Clinical Densitometrists

Valdez D, Bunnell A, Lim SY, Sadowski P, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 27, 101480 (2024)

Time‐specific impact of trace metals on breast density of adolescent girls in Santiago, Chile

Kim CE, Pereira A, Binder AM, Amarasiriwardena C, Shepherd J, Corvalán C, Michels KB

International Journal of Cancer, 155, 627-636 (2024)

The DIRAC framework: Geometric structure underlies roles of and in combining classifiers

Sniatynski MJ, Shepherd J, Wilkens LR, Hsu DF, Kristal BS

Patterns, 5, 100924 (2024)

Dietary intake and visceral adiposity in older adults: The Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype study

Merritt MA, Lim U, Lampe JW, Kaenkumchorn T, Boushey CJ, Wilkens LR, Shepherd J, Ernst T, Marchand LL

Obesity Science & Practice, 10, e734 (2024)

Trunk-to-leg volume and appendicular lean mass from a commercial 3-dimensional optical body scanner for disease risk identification

Bennett JP, Wong MC, Liu YE, Quon BK, Kelly NN, Garber AK, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Clinical Nutrition, 43, 2430-2437 (2024)

Generative deep learning furthers the understanding of local distributions of fat and muscle on body shape and health using 3D surface scans

Leong LT, Wong MC, Liu YE, Glaser Y, Quon BK, Kelly NN, Cataldi D, Sadowski P, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Communications Medicine, 4, 13 (2024)

Learning a Clinically-Relevant Concept Bottleneck for Lesion Detection in Breast Ultrasound

Bunnell A, Glaser Y, Valdez D, Wolfgruber T, Altamirano A, González CZ, Hernandez BY, Sadowski P, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 650-659 (2024)

Clinical Anthropometrics and Body Composition from 3-Dimensional Optical Imaging

Minetto MA, Busso C, Ferraris A, Pietrobelli A, Shepherd J, McCarthy C, Heymsfield SB

Journal of Visualized Experiments, , (2024)

Breast composition during and after puberty: the Chilean Growth and Obesity Cohort Study

Pereira A, Garmendia ML, Leiva V, Corvalán C, Michels KB, Shepherd J

Breast Cancer Research, 26, 45 (2024)

Prediction of total and regional body composition from 3D body shape

Qiao C, Rolfe EDL, Mak E, Sengupta A, Powell RC, Watson L, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J, Wareham NJ, Brage S, Cipolla R

npj Digital Medicine, 7, 298 (2024)

The distribution of breast density in women aged 18 years and older

Perera D, Pirikahu S, Walter J, Cadby G, Darcey E, Lloyd R, Hickey M, Saunders C, Hackmann MJ, Sampson DD, Shepherd J, Lilge L, Stone J

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 205, 521-531 (2024)

Advancing body composition assessment in patients with cancer: First comparisons of traditional versus multicompartment models

Bennett JP, Ford KL, Siervo M, González MC, Lukaski HC, Sawyer MB, Mourtzakis M, Deutz NE, Shepherd J, Prado CM

Nutrition, 125, 112494 (2024)

Evaluation of visceral adipose tissue thresholds for elevated metabolic syndrome risk across diverse populations: A systematic review

Bennett JP, Prado CM, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Obesity Reviews, 25, e13767 (2024)

Variations in bioelectrical impedance devices impact raw measures comparisons and subsequent prediction of body composition using recommended estimation equations

Bennett JP, Cataldi D, Liu YE, Kelly NN, Quon BK, González MC, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 63, 540-550 (2024)

Untargeted serum metabolomic profiles and breast density in young women

Jung S, Silva S, Dallal CM, LeBlanc ES, Paris K, Shepherd J, Snetselaar L, Horn LV, Zhang Y, Dorgan JF

Cancer Causes & Control, 35, 323-334 (2023)

Predictors of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue and muscle density: The ShapeUp! Kids study

Maskarinec G, Shvetsov YB, Wong MC, Cataldi D, Bennett JP, Garber AK, Buchthal SD, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 34, 799-806 (2023)

A comparison of associations of body mass index and dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry measured percentage fat and total fat with global serum metabolites in young women

Dorgan JF, Ryan AS, LeBlanc ES, Horn LV, Magder LS, Snetselaar L, Zhang Y, Dallal CM, Jung S, Shepherd J

Obesity, 31, 525-536 (2023)

The association of a healthy lifestyle index and imaging-based body fat distribution with glycemic status and Type 2 diabetes in the Multi Ethnic Cohort: a cross-sectional analysis

Klapp R, Nimptsch K, Pischon T, Wilkens LR, Lim U, Guillermo C, Setiawan VW, Shepherd J, Marchand LL, Maskarinec G

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 78, 236-242 (2023)

Genome-wide association study of abdominal MRI-measured visceral fat: The multiethnic cohort adiposity phenotype study

Streicher SA, Lim U, Park SL, Li Y, Sheng X, Hom V, …, Shepherd J, et al.

PLoS ONE, 18, e0279932 (2023)

Time-specific impact of mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) on breast density of a Chilean adolescent Cohort

Kim CE, Binder AM, Corvalán C, Pereira A, Shepherd J, Calafat AM, Botelho JC, Hampton JM, Trentham‐Dietz A, Michels KB

Environment International, 181, 108241 (2023)

Equations for smartphone prediction of adiposity and appendicular lean mass in youth soccer players

Minetto MA, Pietrobelli A, Ferraris A, Busso C, Magistrali M, Vignati C, Sieglinger BA, Bruner DM, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

Scientific Reports, 13, 20734 (2023)

Visceral adipose tissue reference data computed for GE HealthCare DXA from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data set

Bennett JP, Quon BK, Fan B, Liu E, Kazemi L, Villegas‐Valle RC, Ahgun R, Wu X, Zhou H, Lü Y, Shepherd J

Obesity, 31, 2947-2959 (2023)

Bone and Renal Health in Infants With or Without Breastmilk Exposure to Tenofovir-Based Maternal Antiretroviral Treatment in the PROMISE Randomized Trial

Vhembo T, Baltrusaitis K, Tierney C, Owor M, Dadabhai S, Violari A, …, Shepherd J, et al.

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 93, 431-437 (2023)

Development and validation of a rapid multicompartment body composition model using 3-dimensional optical imaging and bioelectrical impedance analysis

Bennett JP, Cataldi D, Liu YE, Kelly NN, Quon BK, Schoeller DA, Kelly TL, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Clinical Nutrition, 43, 346-356 (2023)

Advances in digital anthropometric body composition assessment: neural network algorithm prediction of appendicular lean mass

Marazzato F, McCarthy C, Field RH, Nguyen HTN, Nguyen T, Shepherd J, Tinsley GM, Heymsfield SB

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 78, 452-454 (2023)

Automated body composition estimation from device-agnostic 3D optical scans in pediatric populations

Tian IY, Wong MC, Nguyen WM, Kennedy S, McCarthy C, Kelly NN, Liu YE, Garber AK, Heymsfield SB, Curless B, Shepherd J

Clinical Nutrition, 42, 1619-1630 (2023)

Cross-sectional assessment of body composition and detection of malnutrition risk in participants with low body mass index and eating disorders using 3D optical surface scans

Garber AK, Bennett JP, Wong MC, Tian IY, Maskarinec G, Kennedy S, McCarthy C, Kelly NN, Liu YE, Machen VI, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 118, 812-821 (2023)

Translating digital anthropometry measurements obtained from different 3D body image scanners

Ashby N, LaPorte GJ, Richardson D, Scioletti M, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J, McGurk M, Bustillos B, Gist NH, Thomas DM

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 77, 872-880 (2023)

Accuracy and precision of multiple body composition methods and associations with muscle strength in athletes of varying hydration: The Da Kine Study

Cataldi D, Bennett JP, Wong MC, Quon BK, Liu YE, Kelly NN, Kelly TL, Schoeller DA, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Clinical Nutrition, 43, 284-294 (2023)

Alternative methods to measure breast density in younger women

Lloyd R, Pirikahu S, Walter J, Cadby G, Darcey E, Perera D, Hickey M, Saunders C, Karnowski K, Sampson DD, Shepherd J, Lilge L, Stone J

British Journal of Cancer, 128, 1701-1709 (2023)

Accuracy and Precision of 3-dimensional Optical Imaging for Body Composition by Age, BMI, and Ethnicity

Wong MC, Bennett JP, Quon BK, Leong LT, Tian IY, Liu YE, Kelly NN, McCarthy C, Chow DC, Pujades S, Garber AK, Maskarinec G, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 118, 657-671 (2023)

Standardization of dual‐energy x‐ray visceral adipose tissue measures for comparison across clinical imaging systems

Bennett JP, Fan B, Liu E, Kazemi L, Wu X, Zhou H, Lü Y, Shepherd J

Obesity, 31, 2936-2946 (2023)

Positions of The International Society for Clinical Densitometry and Their Etiology: A Scoping Review

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 26, 101369 (2023)

Monitoring body composition change for intervention studies with advancing 3D optical imaging technology in comparison to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Wong MC, Bennett JP, Leong LT, Tian IY, Liu YE, Kelly NN, …, Shepherd J

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 117, 802-813 (2023)

Reference ranges for body composition indices by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry from the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study Cohort

Zemel BS, Shepherd J, Grant SF, Lappe JM, Oberfield SE, Mitchell JA, Winer KK, Kelly A, Kalkwarf HJ

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 118, 792-803 (2023)

Smartphone prediction of skeletal muscle mass: model development and validation in adults

McCarthy C, Tinsley GM, Yang S, Irving BA, Wong MC, Bennett JP, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 117, 794-801 (2023)

The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) international database: aims, scope, and call for data

Silva AM, Campa F, Stagi S, Gobbo LA, Buffa R, Toselli S, …, Shepherd J, et al.

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 77, 1143-1150 (2023)

Total and regional appendicular skeletal muscle mass prediction from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition models

McCarthy C, Tinsley GM, Bosy‐Westphal A, Müller MJ, Shepherd J, Gallagher D, Heymsfield SB

Scientific Reports, 13, 2590 (2023)

Habitual Phytoestrogen Intake Is Associated with Breast Composition in Girls at 2 Years after Menarche Onset

Lesser C, Mericq V, Reyes M, Garmendia ML, Shepherd JA, Michels KB, Corvalán C, Pereira A

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 31, 1334-1340 (2022)

Body composition changes in a 12-week exercise intervention for breast cancer patients.

Asato C, Vance A, Cheng S, Lim S, Yamada PM, Teranishi-Hashimoto C, Shepherd J, Fukui J

Journal of Clinical Oncology, 40, e12500 (2022)

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and breast composition in a longitudinal study of Chilean girls

Yoon L, Corvalán C, Pereira A, Shepherd J, Michels KB

Breast Cancer Research, 24, 3 (2022)

Are methods of estimating fat-free mass loss with energy-restricted diets accurate?

Heymsfield SB, Ludwig DS, Wong JM, McCarthy C, Heo M, Shepherd J, Ebbeling CB

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 77, 525-531 (2022)

Technical note: Low clinical efficacy, but good acceptability of a point‐of‐care electronic palpation device for breast cancer screening for a lower middle‐income environment

Valdez D, Cruz T, Rania S, Badowski G, Cassel K, Wolfgruber T, Grosskreutz S, Dulana L, Adonay R, Maskarinec G, Shepherd J

Medical Physics, 49, 2663-2671 (2022)

Emergence of the adolescent obesity epidemic in the United States: five-decade visualization with humanoid avatars

Bennett JP, Wong MC, McCarthy C, Fearnbach N, Queen K, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

International Journal of Obesity, 46, 1587-1590 (2022)

Prognostic utility of self‐reported sarcopenia (SARC‐F) in the Multiethnic Cohort

Wu AH, Setiawan VW, Lim U, Tseng C, White KK, Shepherd J, Lenz HJ, Cheng I, Stram DO, Haiman CA, Wilkens LR, Marchand LL

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, 13, 987-1002 (2022)

What Is a 2021 Reference Body?

Müller MJ, Bosy‐Westphal A, Braun W, Wong MC, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

Nutrients, 14, 1526 (2022)

Variability in urinary phthalates, phenols, and parabens across childhood and relation to adolescent breast composition in Chilean girls

Yoon L, Binder AM, Pereira A, Calafat AM, Shepherd J, Corvalán C, Michels KB

Environment International, 170, 107586 (2022)

Deep learning predicts all-cause mortality from longitudinal total-body DXA imaging

Glaser Y, Shepherd J, Leong LT, Wolfgruber T, Lui L, Sadowski P, Cummings SR

Communications Medicine, 2, 102 (2022)

Emergence of the obesity epidemic: 6-decade visualization with humanoid avatars

Wong MC, McCarthy C, Fearnbach N, Yang S, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 115, 1189-1193 (2022)

A device‐agnostic shape model for automated body composition estimates from 3D optical scans

Tian IY, Wong MC, Kennedy S, Kelly NN, Liu YE, Garber AK, Heymsfield SB, Curless B, Shepherd J

Medical Physics, 49, 6395-6409 (2022)

Agreement and Precision of Deuterium Dilution for Total Body Water and Multicompartment Body Composition Assessment in Collegiate Athletes

Cataldi D, Bennett JP, Quon BK, Liu YE, Heymsfield SB, Kelly TL, Shepherd J

Journal of Nutrition, 152, 2048-2059 (2022)

A comparison of various methods for measuring breast density and breast tissue composition in adolescent girls and women

Kehm RD, Walter EJ, Pereira A, White M, Oskar S, Michels KB, Shepherd J, Lilge L, Terry MB

Scientific Reports, 12, 13547 (2022)

Reference Ranges for Bone Mineral Content and Density by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry for Young Children

Kalkwarf HJ, Shepherd J, Fan B, Sahay RD, Ittenbach RF, Kelly A, Yolton K, Zemel BS

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 107, e3887-e3900 (2022)

Three‐dimensional optical body shape and features improve prediction of metabolic disease risk in a diverse sample of adults

Bennett JP, Liu YE, Quon BK, Kelly NN, Leong LT, Wong MC, Kennedy S, Chow DC, Garber AK, Weiss EJ, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Obesity, 30, 1589-1598 (2022)

Subcutaneous and visceral fat assessment by DXA and MRI in older adults and children

Maskarinec G, Shvetsov YB, Wong MC, Garber AK, Monroe KR, Ernst T, Buchthal SD, Lim U, Marchand LL, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Obesity, 30, 920-930 (2022)

Next-generation smart watches to estimate whole-body composition using bioimpedance analysis: accuracy and precision in a diverse, multiethnic sample

Bennett JP, Liu YE, Kelly NN, Quon BK, Wong MC, McCarthy C, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 116, 1418-1429 (2022)

Digital Anthropometry for Body Circumference Measurements: European Phenotypic Variations throughout the Decades

Minetto MA, Pietrobelli A, Busso C, Bennett JP, Ferraris A, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

Journal of Personalized Medicine, 12, 906 (2022)

Anthropometric evaluation of a 3D scanning mobile application

Smith B, McCarthy C, Dechenaud M, Wong MC, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

Obesity, 30, 1181-1188 (2022)

D₃‐creatine dilution for skeletal muscle mass measurement: historical development and current status

McCarthy C, Schoeller D, Brown JC, González MC, Varanoske AN, Cataldi D, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, 13, 2595-2607 (2022)

Osteoporosis or Low Bone Mass in Older Adults: United States, 2017-2018

Sarafrazi N, Wambogo EA, Shepherd JA

NCHS Data Brief, 1-8 (2021)

RE: Reitshamer E, Barrett K, Shea K, Dawson-Hughes B. Cross-Calibration of Prodigy and Horizon A Densitometers and Precision of the Horizon A Densitometer. J Clin Densitom. 2021.

Leslie WD, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 24, 502-503 (2021)

The Passing of the Baton—In Memory of Professor Harry Genant MD

Shepherd J, Hans D

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 24, 169-174 (2021)

Changes in Bone Mineral Density Following Conventional Oral Phosphonate Treatment of Hypophosphatemic Osteomalacia: A Non-Randomized Controlled Study

Guo YL, Zhou Y, Wu X, Tang C, Wang M, Mo Z, Shepherd J, Ng BK, Fan B, Zhou H

International Journal of General Medicine, Volume 14, 7925-7931 (2021)

Use of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry to Assess Soft Tissue Composition in Breast Cancer Survivors With and Without Lymphedema

Smoot B, Mastick J, Shepherd J, Paul SM, Kober KM, Cooper BA, Conley YP, Dixit N, Hammer MJ, Fu MR, Abrams G, Miaskowski C

Lymphatic Research and Biology, 20, 391-397 (2021)

Biomarker-based visceral adiposity score and incident type 2 diabetes in the multiethnic cohort

Maskarinec G, Raquinio PA, Setiawan VW, Ernst T, Franke AA, Buchthal SD, Shepherd J, Wilkens LR, Lim U, Marchand LL

Annals of Epidemiology, 63, 29-34 (2021)

Associations of the Dietary Inflammatory Index With Total Adiposity and Ectopic Fat and the Mediating Effect of the Gut Microbiota

Panizza C, Wilkens LR, Shvetsov YB, Maskarinec G, Park S, Shepherd J, Boushey CJ, Hébert JR, Wirth MD, Ernst T, Randolph TW, Lim U, Lampe JW, Marchand LL, Hullar MA

Current Developments in Nutrition, 5, 1173 (2021)

Association of Daily Alcohol Intake, Volumetric Breast Density, and Breast Cancer Risk

Rustagi AS, Scott CG, Winham SJ, Brandt KR, Norman AD, Jensen MR, Shepherd J, Hruska CB, Heine J, Pankratz VS, Kerlikowske K, Vachon CM

JNCI Cancer Spectrum, 5, (2021)

Diet and Liver Adiposity in Older Adults: The Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study

Kaenkumchorn T, Merritt MA, Lim U, Marchand LL, Boushey CJ, Shepherd J, Wilkens LR, Ernst T, Lampe JW

Journal of Nutrition, 151, 3579-3587 (2021)

Ranks underlie outcome of combining classifiers: Quantitative roles for and

Sniatynski MJ, Shepherd J, Ernst T, Wilkens LR, Hsu DF, Kristal BS

Patterns, 3, 100415 (2021)

Total body and regional surface area: Quantification with low‐cost three‐dimensional optical imaging systems

Dechenaud M, Kennedy S, Sobhiyeh S, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 175, 865-875 (2021)

CYP11B1 variants influence skeletal maturation via alternative splicing

Grgić O, Gazzara MR, Chesi A, Medina‐Gómez C, Cousminer DL, Mitchell JA, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Communications Biology, 4, 1274 (2021)

Dual-energy three-compartment breast imaging for compositional biomarkers to improve detection of malignant lesions

Leong LT, Malkov S, Drukker K, Niell BL, Sadowski P, Wolfgruber T, Greenwood H, Joe BN, Kerlikowske K, Giger ML, Shepherd J

Communications Medicine, 1, 29 (2021)

Genome-wide association study of pancreatic fat: The Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study

Streicher SA, Lim U, Park SL, Li Y, Sheng X, Hom V, …, Shepherd J, et al.

PLoS ONE, 16, e0249615 (2021)

The potential of using artificial intelligence to improve skin cancer diagnoses in Hawai‘i’s multiethnic population

Willingham ML, Spencer SY, Lum C, Sanchez JMN, Burnett T, Shepherd J, Cassel K

Melanoma Research, 31, 504-514 (2021)

Utility of self-rated adherence for monitoring dietary and physical activity compliance and assessment of participant feedback of the Healthy Diet and Lifestyle Study pilot

O’Reilly H, Panizza C, Lim U, Yonemori K, Wilkens LR, Shvetsov YB, Harvie M, Shepherd J, Zhu F, Marchand LL, Boushey CJ, Cassel K

Pilot and Feasibility Studies, 7, 48 (2021)

Mammographic Variation Measures, Breast Density, and Breast Cancer Risk

Heine J, Fowler E, Scott CG, Jensen MR, Shepherd J, Hruska CB, Winham SJ, Brandt KR, Wu F, Norman AD, Pankratz VS, Miglioretti DL, Kerlikowske K, Vachon CM

American Journal of Roentgenology, 217, 326-335 (2021)

Assessment of Arm Volume Using a Tape Measure Versus a 3D Optical Scanner in Survivors with Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema

Mastick J, Smoot B, Paul SM, Kober KM, Cooper BA, Madden L, Conley YP, Dixit N, Hammer MJ, Fu MR, Piper M, Cate S, Shepherd J, Miaskowski C

Lymphatic Research and Biology, 20, 39-47 (2021)

Impact of postpartum tenofovir-based antiretroviral therapy on bone mineral density in breastfeeding women with HIV enrolled in a randomized clinical trial

Stranix‐Chibanda L, Tierney C, Sebikari D, Aizire J, Dadabhai S, Zanga A, …, Shepherd J, et al.

PLoS ONE, 16, e0246272 (2021)

Body Fat Distribution, Glucose Metabolism, and Diabetes Status Among Older Adults: The Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study

Maskarinec G, Raquinio P, Kristal BS, Franke AA, Buchthal SD, Ernst T, Monroe KR, Shepherd J, Shvetsov YB, Marchand LL, Lim U

Journal of Epidemiology, 32, 314-322 (2021)

Multicomponent density models for body composition: Review of the dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry volume approach

Heymsfield SB, Smith B, Wong MC, Bennett JP, Ebbeling CB, Wong JM, Strauss BJ, Shepherd J

Obesity Reviews, 22, e13274 (2021)

Metabolic syndrome screening using visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from opportunistic MRI locations in a multi-ethnic population

Villegas‐Valle RC, Lim U, Maskarinec G, Franke AA, Ernst T, Fan B, Álvarez-Hernández G, Candia-Plata MDC, Díaz-Zavala RG, Wilkens LR, Monroe KR, Valencia ME, Marchand LL, Shepherd J

Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 15, 227-234 (2021)

Digital anthropometric evaluation of young children: comparison to results acquired with conventional anthropometry

Kennedy S, Smith B, Sobhiyeh S, Dechenaud M, Wong MC, Kelly NN, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 76, 251-260 (2021)

Digital anthropometric volumes: Toward the development and validation of a universal software

Sobhiyeh S, Dunkel A, Dechenaud M, Mehrnezhad A, Kennedy S, Shepherd J, Wolenski PR, Heymsfield SB

Medical Physics, 48, 3654-3664 (2021)

Association of mammographic density measures and breast cancer “intrinsic” molecular subtypes

Kleinstern G, Scott CG, Tamimi RM, Jensen MR, Pankratz VS, Bertrand KA, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 187, 215-224 (2021)

The Gut Microbiome Is Associated with Circulating Dietary Biomarkers of Fruit and Vegetable Intake in a Multiethnic Cohort

Frankenfeld CL, Hullar MA, Maskarinec G, Monroe KR, Shepherd J, Franke AA, Randolph TW, Wilkens LR, Boushey CJ, Marchand LL, Lim U, Lampe JW

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 122, 78-98 (2021)

A pose‐independent method for accurate and precise body composition from 3D optical scans

Wong MC, Ng BK, Tian IY, Sobhiyeh S, Pagano I, Dechenaud M, …, Shepherd J

Obesity, 29, 1835-1847 (2021)

Deep Learning Predicts Interval and Screening-detected Cancer from Screening Mammograms: A Case-Case-Control Study in 6369 Women

Zhu X, Wolfgruber T, Leong LT, Jensen MR, Scott CG, Winham SJ, Sadowski P, Vachon CM, Kerlikowske K, Shepherd J

Radiology, 301, 550-558 (2021)

Mammary collagen architecture and its association with mammographic density and lesion severity among women undergoing image-guided breast biopsy

Bodelón C, Mullooly M, Pfeiffer RM, Fan S, Abubakar M, Lenz PH, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Breast Cancer Research, 23, 105 (2021)

Associations of the gut microbiome with hepatic adiposity in the Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study

Hullar MA, Jenkins I, Randolph TW, Curtis KR, Monroe KR, Ernst T, Shepherd J, Stram DO, Cheng I, Kristal BS, Wilkens LR, Franke AA, Marchand LL, Lim U, Lampe JW

Gut Microbes, 13, 1965463 (2021)

Assessment of clinical measures of total and regional body composition from a commercial 3-dimensional optical body scanner

Bennett JP, Liu YE, Quon BK, Kelly NN, Wong MC, Kennedy S, Chow DC, Garber AK, Weiss EJ, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Clinical Nutrition, 41, 211-218 (2021)

Associations of the Dietary Inflammatory Index with total adiposity and ectopic fat through the gut microbiota, LPS, and C-reactive protein in the Multiethnic Cohort–Adiposity Phenotype Study

Panizza C, Wilkens LR, Shvetsov YB, Maskarinec G, Park S, Shepherd J, Boushey CJ, Hébert JR, Wirth MD, Ernst T, Randolph TW, Lim U, Lampe JW, Marchand LL, Hullar MA

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 115, 1344-1356 (2021)

Genome-wide association study implicates novel loci and reveals candidate effector genes for longitudinal pediatric bone accrual

Cousminer DL, Wagley Y, Pippin JA, Elhakeem A, Way GP, Pahl MC, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Genome biology, 22, 1 (2021)

The effect of longitudinal exercise programming in breast cancer patients.

Fukui J, Cheng S, Lim S, Shepherd J, Yamada PM, Teranishi-Hashimoto C

Journal of Clinical Oncology, 38, TPS12124 (2020)

Effect of excessive gestational weight on daughters’ breast density at the end of puberty onset

López A, Garmendia ML, Shepherd J, Michels KB, Corvalán C, Pereira A

Scientific Reports, 10, 6636 (2020)

Three compartment breast machine learning model for improving computer-aided detection

Leong LT, Giger ML, Drukker K, Kerlikowske K, Joe BN, Greenwood H, Malkov S, Niell BL, Shepherd J

Measuring fat mass in body equivalent materials using an RF resonant cavity

Kotowski L, Neuhauser B, Robinson MP, Shepherd J

Medical Physics, 47, 3945-3951 (2020)

Predictors of liver fat among children and adolescents from five different ethnic groups

Maskarinec G, Garber AK, Wong MC, Kelly NN, Kazemi L, Buchthal SD, Fearnbach N, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Obesity Science & Practice, 7, 53-62 (2020)

Fully Automated Pipeline for Body Composition Estimation from 3D Optical Scans using Principal Component Analysis: A Shape Up Study

Sobhiyeh S, Borel N, Dechenaud M, Graham CA, Wong MC, Wolenski PR, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

Relationship of Serum Progesterone and Progesterone Metabolites with Mammographic Breast Density and Terminal Ductal Lobular Unit Involution among Women Undergoing Diagnostic Breast Biopsy

Hada M, Oh H, Fan S, Falk RT, Geller BM, Vacek PM, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9, 245 (2020)

Association between indicators of systemic inflammation biomarkers during puberty with breast density and onset of menarche

Michels KB, Keller K, Pereira A, Kim CE, Santos JL, Shepherd J, Corvalán C, Binder AM

Breast Cancer Research, 22, 104 (2020)

Intermachine differences in DXA measurements vary by skeletal site, and impact the assessment of low bone density in children

Zemel BS, Wasserman H, Kelly A, Fan B, Shepherd J, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Winer KK, Kalkwarf HJ

Bone, 141, 115581 (2020)

Diet Quality and Visceral Adiposity among a Multiethnic Population of Young, Middle, and Older Aged Adults

Panizza C, Wong MC, Kelly NN, Liu YE, Shvetsov YB, Lowe DA, Weiss EJ, Heymsfield SB, Kennedy S, Boushey CJ, Maskarinec G, Shepherd J

Current Developments in Nutrition, 4, nzaa090 (2020)

Distinct phenotypic characteristics of normal-weight adults at risk of developing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases

Stanley A, Schuna JM, Yang S, Kennedy S, Heo M, Wong MC, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 112, 967-978 (2020)

Digital anthropometry for body circumference measurements: Toward the development of universal three‐dimensional optical system analysis software

Sobhiyeh S, Kennedy S, Dunkel A, Dechenaud M, Weston J, Shepherd J, Wolenski PR, Heymsfield SB

Obesity Science & Practice, 7, 35-44 (2020)

Trabecular Bone Score Reference Values for Children and Adolescents According to Age, Sex, and Ancestry

Kalkwarf HJ, Shepherd J, Hans D, Rodríguez EG, Kindler JM, Lappe JM, Oberfield SE, Winer KK, Zemel BS

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 37, 776-785 (2020)

Pediatric Reference Ranges for Ultradistal Radius Bone Density: Results from the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study

Kindler JM, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Kelly A, Winer KK, Zemel BS

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 105, e3529-e3539 (2020)

Differences in the association of diet quality with body fat distribution between men and women

Maskarinec G, Namatame LA, Kang M, Buchthal SD, Ernst T, Monroe KR, Shepherd J, Wilkens LR, Boushey CJ, Marchand LL, Lim U

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 74, 1434-1441 (2020)

Circulating Biomarker Score for Visceral Fat and Risks of Incident Colorectal and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study

Marchand LL, Wilkens LR, Castelfranco AM, Monroe KR, Kristal BS, Cheng I, Maskarinec G, Hullar MA, Lampe JW, Shepherd J, Franke AA, Ernst T, Lim U

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 29, 966-973 (2020)

Genome‐Wide Association Study of Liver Fat: The Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study

Park S, Li Y, Sheng X, Hom V, Xia L, Zhao K, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Hepatology Communications, 4, 1112-1123 (2020)

Predicting 3D body shape and body composition from conventional 2D photography

Tian IY, Ng BK, Wong MC, Kennedy S, Hwaung P, Kelly NN, Liu E, Garber AK, Curless B, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Medical Physics, 47, 6232-6245 (2020)

Novel body fat estimation using machine learning and 3-dimensional optical imaging

Harty PS, Sieglinger BA, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J, Bruner DM, Stratton MT, Tinsley GM

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 74, 842-845 (2020)

Body Composition Measurements from Birth through 5 Years: Challenges, Gaps, and Existing & Emerging Technologies—A National Institutes of Health workshop

Gallagher D, Andres A, Fields DA, Evans WJ, Kuczmarski RJ, Lowe WL, Lumeng JC, Oken E, Shepherd J, Sun SS, Heymsfield SB

Obesity Reviews, 21, e13033 (2020)

Stiff stroma increases breast cancer risk by inducing the oncogene ZNF217

Northey JJ, Barrett A, Acerbi I, Hayward M, Talamantes S, Dean I, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Journal of Clinical Investigation, 130, 5721-5737 (2020)

Associations of plasma trimethylamine N-oxide, choline, carnitine, and betaine with inflammatory and cardiometabolic risk biomarkers and the fecal microbiome in the Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study

Fu BC, Hullar MA, Randolph TW, Franke AA, Monroe KR, Cheng I, Wilkens LR, Shepherd J, Madeleine MM, Marchand LL, Lim U, Lampe JW

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 111, 1226-1234 (2020)

Myosteatosis in the Context of Skeletal Muscle Function Deficit: An Interdisciplinary Workshop at the National Institute on Aging

Correa‐de‐Araujo R, Addison O, Miljkovic I, Goodpaster BH, Bergman BC, Clark RV, Elena JW, Esser KA, Ferrucci L, Harris‐Love MO, Kritchevsky S, Lorbergs AL, Shepherd J, Shulman GI, Rosen CJ

Frontiers in Physiology, 11, 963 (2020)

Effects of Time-Restricted Eating on Weight Loss and Other Metabolic Parameters in Women and Men With Overweight and Obesity

Lowe DA, Wu N, Rohdin-Bibby L, Moore AH, Kelly NN, Liu YE, Philip EJ, Vittinghoff E, Heymsfield SB, Olgin JE, Shepherd J, Weiss EJ

JAMA Internal Medicine, 180, 1491 (2020)

Predictors of response to insulin therapy in youth with poorly‐controlled type 2 diabetes in the TODAY trial

Bacha F, El Ghormli L, Arslanian S, Zeitler P, Laffel LM, Levitt Katz LE, Gandica R, Chang NT, Sprague JE, Macleish SA

Pediatric diabetes, 20, 871-879 (2019)

Using Digital Pathology to Understand Epithelial Characteristics of Benign Breast Disease among Women Undergoing Diagnostic Image-Guided Breast Biopsy

Mullooly M, Puvanesarajah S, Fan S, Pfeiffer RM, Olsson LT, Hada M, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Cancer Prevention Research, 12, 861-870 (2019)

Derived mammographic masking measures based on simulated lesions predict the risk of interval cancer after controlling for known risk factors: a case‐case analysis

Hinton B, Ma L, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Malkov S, Fan B, Greenwood H, Joe BN, Lee V, Strand F, Kerlikowske K, Shepherd J

Medical Physics, 46, 1309-1316 (2019)

Crotch detection on 3D optical scans of human subjects

Sobhiyeh S, Dunkel A, Dechenaud M, Kennedy S, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB, Wolenski PR

Electronic Imaging, 31, 10-1 (2019)

Hole Filling in 3D Scans for Digital Anthropometric Applications

Sobhiyeh S, Dechenaud M, Dunkel A, LaBorde ML, Kennedy S, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB, Wolenski PR

Postmenopausal osteoporotic fracture-associated COLIA1 variant impacts bone accretion in girls

Cousminer DL, McCormack SE, Mitchell JA, Chesi A, Kindler JM, Kelly A, Voight BF, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Shepherd J, Oberfield SE, Gilsanz V, Zemel BS, Grant SF

Bone, 121, 221-226 (2019)

Association of Imaging-Based Body Fat Distribution and Mammographic Density in the Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study

Maskarinec G, Ciba M, Ju D, Shepherd J, Ernst T, Wu AH, Monroe KR, Lim U, Wilkens LR, Marchand LL

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 29, 352-358 (2019)

Greater Height Is Associated with a Larger Carotid Lumen Diameter

Hwaung P, Heo M, Bourgeois B, Kennedy S, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

Medicines, 6, 57 (2019)

Relationship of circulating insulin-like growth factor-I and binding proteins 1–7 with mammographic density among women undergoing image-guided diagnostic breast biopsy

Hada M, Oh H, Pfeiffer RM, Falk RT, Fan S, Mullooly M, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Breast Cancer Research, 21, 81 (2019)

Localized mammographic density is associated with interval cancer and large breast cancer: a nested case-control study

Strand F, Azavedo E, Hellgren R, Humphreys K, Eriksson M, Shepherd J, Hall P, Czene K

Breast Cancer Research, 21, 8 (2019)

Automated volumetric breast density measures: differential change between breasts in women with and without breast cancer

Brandt KR, Scott CG, Miglioretti DL, Jensen MR, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Hruska CB, Ma L, Wu F, Cummings SR, Norman AD, Engmann NJ, Shepherd J, Winham SJ, Kerlikowske K, Vachon CM

Breast Cancer Research, 21, 118 (2019)

Changes in Visceral and Subcutaneous Fat in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes in the TODAY Study

Dhaliwal R, Shepherd J, ghormli LE, Copeland KC, Geffner ME, Higgins J, Levitsky LL, Nadeau KJ, Weinstock RS, White NH

Diabetes Care, 42, 1549-1559 (2019)

Maternal and Infant Bone Mineral Density 1 Year After Delivery in a Randomized, Controlled Trial of Maternal Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate to Prevent Mother-to-child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus

Salvadori N, Fan B, Teeyasoontranon W, Ngo‐Giang‐Huong N, Phanomcheong S, Luvira A, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Clinical Infectious Diseases, 69, 144-146 (2019)

Deep learning networks find unique mammographic differences in previous negative mammograms between interval and screen-detected cancers: a case-case study

Hinton B, Ma L, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Malkov S, Fan B, Greenwood H, Joe BN, Lee V, Kerlikowske K, Shepherd J

Cancer Imaging, 19, 41 (2019)

Optical imaging technology for body size and shape analysis: evaluation of a system designed for personal use

Kennedy S, Hwaung P, Kelly NN, Liu YE, Sobhiyeh S, Heo M, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 74, 920-929 (2019)

Measurement challenge: protocol for international case–control comparison of mammographic measures that predict breast cancer risk

Dench EK, Bond‐Smith D, Darcey E, Lee G, Aung YK, Chan A, …, Shepherd J, et al.

BMJ Open, 9, e031041 (2019)

Application of convolutional neural networks to breast biopsies to delineate tissue correlates of mammographic breast density

Mullooly M, Bejnordi BE, Pfeiffer RM, Fan S, Palakal M, Hada M, …, Shepherd J, et al.

npj Breast Cancer, 5, 43 (2019)

Longitudinal Changes in Volumetric Breast Density in Healthy Women across the Menopausal Transition

Engmann NJ, Scott CG, Jensen MR, Winham SJ, Ma L, Brandt KR, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 28, 1324-1330 (2019)

Combined effect of volumetric breast density and body mass index on breast cancer risk

Engmann NJ, Scott CG, Jensen MR, Winham SJ, Miglioretti DL, Ma L, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 177, 165-173 (2019)

Optimum waist circumference‐height indices for evaluating adult adiposity: An analytic review

Hwaung P, Heo M, Kennedy S, Hong S, Thomas DM, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

Obesity Reviews, 21, e12947 (2019)

Pubertal timing and breast density in young women: a prospective cohort study

Houghton LC, Jung S, Troisi R, LeBlanc ES, Snetselaar L, Hylton NM, Klifa C, Horn LV, Paris K, Shepherd J, Hoover RN, Dorgan JF

Breast Cancer Research, 21, 122 (2019)

Effects of Intermittent Energy Restriction Combined with a Mediterranean Diet on Reducing Visceral Adiposity: A Randomized Active Comparator Pilot Study

Panizza C, Lim U, Yonemori K, Cassel K, Wilkens LR, Harvie M, Maskarinec G, Delp EJ, Lampe JW, Shepherd J, Marchand LL, Boushey CJ

Nutrients, 11, 1386 (2019)

Children and Adolescents’ Anthropometrics Body Composition from 3‐D Optical Surface Scans

Wong MC, Ng BK, Kennedy S, Hwaung P, Liu EY, Kelly NN, Pagano I, Garber AK, Chow DC, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

Obesity, 27, 1738-1749 (2019)

Cross-calibration, Least Significant Change and Quality Assurance in Multiple Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Scanner Environments: 2019 ISCD Official Position

Jankowski LG, Warner S, Gaither KW, Lenchik L, Fan B, Lü Y, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 22, 472-483 (2019)

Body mass index, mammographic density, and breast cancer risk by estrogen receptor subtype

Shieh Y, Scott CG, Jensen MR, Norman AD, Bertrand KA, Pankratz VS, Brandt KR, Visscher DW, Shepherd J, Tamimi RM, Vachon CM, Kerlikowske K

Breast Cancer Research, 21, 48 (2019)

Fecal Microbial Diversity and Structure Are Associated with Diet Quality in the Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study

Maskarinec G, Hullar MA, Monroe KR, Shepherd J, Hunt J, Randolph TW, Wilkens LR, Boushey CJ, Marchand LL, Lim U, Lampe JW

Journal of Nutrition, 149, 1575-1584 (2019)

Use of Bone Health Evaluation in Orthopedic Surgery: 2019 ISCD Official Position

Anderson PA, Morgan S, Krueger D, Zapalowski C, Tanner B, Jeray KJ, Krohn K, Lane JP, Yeap SS, Shuhart C, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 22, 517-543 (2019)

Detailed 3-dimensional body shape features predict body composition, blood metabolites, and functional strength: the Shape Up! studies

Ng BK, Sommer MJ, Wong MC, Pagano I, Nie Y, Fan B, …, Shepherd J

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 110, 1316-1326 (2019)

Executive Summary of the 2019 ISCD Position Development Conference on Monitoring Treatment, DXA Cross-calibration and Least Significant Change, Spinal Cord Injury, Peri-prosthetic and Orthopedic Bone Health, Transgender Medicine, and Pediatrics

Shuhart C, Yeap SS, Anderson PA, Jankowski LG, Lewiecki EM, Morse LR, Rosen HN, Weber DR, Zemel BS, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 22, 453-471 (2019)

The Shape of the Glucose Response Curve During an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: Forerunner of Heightened Glycemic Failure Rates and Accelerated Decline in β-Cell Function in TODAY

Arslanian S, ghormli LE, Kim JY, Bacha F, Chan CL, Ismail HM, et al.

Diabetes Care, 42, 164-172 (2018)

Lipid Profiles, Inflammatory Markers, and Insulin Therapy in Youth with Type 2 Diabetes

Levitt Katz LE, Bacha F, Gidding SS, Weinstock RS, El ghormli L, Libman I, …, Shepherd J, et al.

The Journal of Pediatrics, 196, 208-216.e2 (2018)

Cardiac biomarkers in Youth with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: results from the TODAY Study

Gidding SS, Bacha F, Bjornstad P, Katz LEL, Levitsky LL, Lynch J, Tryggestad JB, Weinstock RS, Lima JA, McKay S

The Journal of pediatrics, 192, 86-92. e5 (2018)

Insulin Sensitivity and Diabetic Kidney Disease in Children and Adolescents With Type 2 Diabetes: An Observational Analysis of Data From the TODAY Clinical Trial

Bjornstad P, Nehus E, El Ghormli L, Bacha F, Libman IM, McKay S, Willi SM, Laffel L, Arslanian S, Nadeau KJ

American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 71, 65-74 (2018)

Radiotranslucent foam isolation blocks improve regional tissue accuracy in whole body DXA scans

Ng BK, Liu YE, Kelly TL, Wilson KE, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 21, 607-608 (2018)

Deep learning methods aid in predicting risk of interval cancer

Hinton B, Shepherd J, Kerlikowske K, Joe BN, Greenwood H, Ma L

Inverse association between estrogen receptor-α DNA methylation and breast composition in adolescent Chilean girls

Binder AM, Stiemsma LT, Keller K, Otterdijk SDV, Mericq V, Pereira A, Santos JL, Shepherd J, Michels KB

Clinical Epigenetics, 10, 122 (2018)

Intake of dietary carbohydrates in early adulthood and adolescence and breast density among young women

Jung S, Goloubeva O, Hylton NM, Klifa C, LeBlanc ES, Shepherd J, Snetselaar L, Horn LV, Dorgan JF

Cancer Causes & Control, 29, 631-642 (2018)

Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Use during Pregnancy and Infant Bone Health: the Tenofovir in Pregnancy Pilot Study

Kourtis AP, Wiener J, Wang L, Fan B, Shepherd J, Chen L, Liu W, Shepard CW, Wang L, Wang A, Bulterys M

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 37, e264-e268 (2018)

Does mammographic density mediate risk factor associations with breast cancer? An analysis by tumor characteristics

Rice MS, Tamimi RM, Bertrand KA, Scott CG, Jensen MR, Norman AD, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 170, 129-141 (2018)

Physical Activity and Bone Accretion

Mitchell JA, Chesi A, McCormack SE, Cousminer DL, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Kelly A, Grant SF, Zemel BS

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 50, 977-986 (2018)

Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Z-Score Calculation Equations and Their Application in Childhood Disease

Kelly A, Shults J, Mostoufi‐Moab S, McCormack SE, Stallings VA, Schall JI, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Winer KK, Leonard MB, Zemel BS

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 34, 195-203 (2018)

Subcutaneous Fat Fibrosis Links Obesity to Insulin Resistance in Chinese Americans

Alba D, Farooq J, Lin M, Schafer AL, Shepherd J, Koliwad SK

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 103, 3194-3204 (2018)

Combined Benefit of Quantitative Three-Compartment Breast Image Analysis and Mammography Radiomics in the Classification of Breast Masses in a Clinical Data Set

Drukker K, Giger ML, Joe BN, Kerlikowske K, Greenwood H, Drukteinis JS, Niell BL, Fan B, Malkov S, Avila J, Kazemi L, Shepherd J

Radiology, 290, 621-628 (2018)

Prepubertal and Pubertal Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Exposure and Breast Density among Chilean Adolescents

Binder AM, Corvalán C, Pereira A, Calafat AM, Ye X, Shepherd J, Michels KB

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 27, 1491-1499 (2018)

Transethnic Evaluation Identifies Low-Frequency Loci Associated With 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations

Hong J, Hatchell KE, Bradfield JP, Bjonnes A, Chesi A, Lai C, …, Shepherd J, et al.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 103, 1380-1392 (2018)

Lumbar Spine Bone Mineral Apparent Density in Children: Results from the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study

Kindler JM, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Kelly A, Winer KK, Kalkwarf HJ, Zemel BS

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 104, 1283-1292 (2018)

Automated and Clinical Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System Density Measures Predict Risk for Screen-Detected and Interval Cancers

Kerlikowske K, Scott CG, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Ma L, Winham SJ, Jensen MR, Wu F, Malkov S, Pankratz VS, Cummings SR, Shepherd J, Brandt KR, Miglioretti DL, Vachon CM

Annals of Internal Medicine, 168, 757-765 (2018)

Interpretation of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry-Derived Body Composition Change in Athletes: A Review and Recommendations for Best Practice

Hind K, Slater G, Oldroyd B, Lees M, Thurlow S, Barlow M, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 21, 429-443 (2018)

Improved strength prediction combining clinically available measures of skeletal muscle mass and quality

Bourgeois B, Fan B, Johannsen NM, González MC, Ng BK, Sommer MJ, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, 10, 84-94 (2018)

Validation of rapid 4-component body composition assessment with the use of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis

Ng BK, Liu YE, Wang W, Kelly TL, Wilson KE, Schoeller DA, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd J

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 108, 708-715 (2018)

Propensity for Intra-abdominal and Hepatic Adiposity Varies Among Ethnic Groups

Lim U, Monroe KR, Buchthal S, Fan B, Cheng I, Kristal BS, Lampe JW, Hullar MA, Franke AA, Stram DO, Wilkens LR, Shepherd J, Ernst T, Marchand LL

Gastroenterology, 156, 966-975.e10 (2018)

First Genome-Wide Association Study of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults Reveals Novel Insights Linking Immune and Metabolic Diabetes

Cousminer DL, Ahlqvist E, Mishra R, Andersen MK, Chesi A, Hawa MI, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Diabetes Care, 41, 2396-2403 (2018)

Digital anthropometry: a critical review

Heymsfield SB, Bourgeois B, Ng BK, Sommer MJ, Li X, Shepherd J

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 72, 680-687 (2018)

High And Low Impact Physical Activity Substitution And Pediatric Bone Density

Mitchell JA, Cousminer DL, Chesi A, McCormack SE, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Kelly A, Grant SF

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 49, 165-166 (2017)

Should postmenopausal women eat more protein? Or do the elite just exercise and eat better?

Shepherd J, Shepherd J

Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society, 24, 480-481 (2017)

Deep learning and three-compartment breast imaging in breast cancer diagnosis

Drukker K, Huynh BQ, Giger ML, Malkov S, Avila J, Fan B, Joe BN, Kerlikowske K, Drukteinis JS, Kazemi L, Pereira M, Shepherd J

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE, 10134, 101341F (2017)

Proceedings of the 2016 Santa Fe Bone Symposium: New Concepts in the Management of Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases

Lewiecki EM, Bilezikian JP, Bukata SV, Camacho PM, Clarke B, McClung MR, Miller PD, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 20, 134-152 (2017)

Modeling the shape and composition of the human body using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry images

Shepherd J, Ng BK, Fan B, Schwartz AV, Cawthon PM, Cummings SR, Kritchevsky SB, Nevitt M, Santanasto AJ, Cootes T

PLoS ONE, 12, e0175857 (2017)

Interaction of mammographic breast density with menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone use in relation to the risk of aggressive breast cancer subtypes

Yaghjyan L, Tamimi RM, Bertrand KA, Scott CG, Jensen MR, Pankratz VS, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 165, 421-431 (2017)

Multidimensional Bone Density Phenotyping Reveals New Insights Into Genetic Regulation of the Pediatric Skeleton

Mitchell JA, Chesi A, Cousminer DL, McCormack SE, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Kelly A, Zemel BS, Grant SF

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 33, 812-821 (2017)

Determinants of volumetric breast density in Chilean premenopausal women

Pereira A, Garmendia ML, Uauy R, Neira P, López‐Arana S, Malkov S, Shepherd J

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 162, 343-352 (2017)

FRAX-based Estimates of 10-year Probability of Hip and Major Osteoporotic Fracture Among Adults Aged 40 and Over: United States, 2013 and 2014.

Looker AC, Isfahani NS, Fan B, Shepherd J

National Health Statistics Reports, , 1-16 (2017)

A Genomewide Association Study Identifies Two Sex‐Specific Loci, at SPTB and IZUMO3, Influencing Pediatric Bone Mineral Density at Multiple Skeletal Sites

Chesi A, Mitchell JA, Kalkwarf HJ, Bradfield JP, Lappe JM, Cousminer DL, Roy SM, McCormack SE, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Håkonarson H, Shepherd J, Kelly A, Zemel BS, Grant SF

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 32, 1274-1281 (2017)

Dairy intake in relation to breast and pubertal development in Chilean girls,

Gaskins AJ, Pereira A, Quintiliano DA, Shepherd J, Uauy R, Corvalán C, Michels KB

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 105, 1166-1175 (2017)

Genetically Determined Later Puberty Impacts Lowered Bone Mineral Density in Childhood and Adulthood

Cousminer DL, Mitchell JA, Chesi A, Roy SM, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Kelly A, McCormack SE, Voight BF, Zemel BS, Grant SF

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 33, 430-436 (2017)

Combining quantitative and qualitative breast density measures to assess breast cancer risk

Kerlikowske K, Ma L, Scott CG, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Jensen MR, Sprague BL, Henderson LM, Pankratz VS, Cummings SR, Miglioretti DL, Vachon CM, Shepherd J

Breast Cancer Research, 19, 97 (2017)

Clinically applicable optical imaging technology for body size and shape analysis: comparison of systems differing in design

Bourgeois B, Ng BK, Latimer D, Stannard CR, Romeo L, Li X, Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 71, 1329-1335 (2017)

Longitudinal Changes in Volumetric Breast Density with Tamoxifen and Aromatase Inhibitors

Engmann NJ, Scott CG, Jensen MR, Ma L, Brandt KR, Mahmoudzadeh AP, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 26, 930-937 (2017)

Immediate Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection Accelerates Bone Loss Relative to Deferring Therapy: Findings from the START Bone Mineral Density Substudy, a Randomized Trial

Hoy J, Grund B, Roediger M, Schwartz AV, Shepherd J, Avihingsanon A, et al.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 32, 1945-1955 (2017)

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition reference values of limbs and trunk from NHANES 1999–2004 with additional visualization methods

Hinton B, Fan B, Ng BK, Shepherd J

PLoS ONE, 12, e0174180 (2017)

Diet Quality in Midadulthood Predicts Visceral Adiposity and Liver Fatness in Older Ages: The Multiethnic Cohort Study

Maskarinec G, Lim U, Jacobs S, Monroe KR, Ernst T, Buchthal SD, Shepherd J, Wilkens LR, Marchand LL, Boushey CJ

Obesity, 25, 1442-1450 (2017)

Spine fracture prevalence in a nationally representative sample of US women and men aged ≥40 years: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014

Cosman F, Krege JH, Looker AC, Schousboe JT, Fan B, Isfahani NS, Shepherd J, Krohn K, Steiger P, Wilson KE, Genant HK

Osteoporosis International, 28, 1857-1866 (2017)

Faster ticking rate of the epigenetic clock is associated with faster pubertal development in girls

Binder AM, Corvalán C, Mericq V, Pereira A, Santos JL, Horvath S, Shepherd J, Michels KB

Epigenetics, 13, 85-94 (2017)

Association Between Linear Growth and Bone Accrual in a Diverse Cohort of Children and Adolescents

McCormack SE, Cousminer DL, Chesi A, Mitchell JA, Roy SM, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Winer KK, Kelly A, Grant SF, Zemel BS

JAMA Pediatrics, 171, e171769 (2017)

Trends in osteoporosis and low bone mass in older US adults, 2005–2006 through 2013–2014

Looker AC, Isfahani NS, Fan B, Shepherd J

Osteoporosis International, 28, 1979-1988 (2017)

Body composition by DXA

Shepherd J, Ng BK, Sommer MJ, Heymsfield SB

Bone, 104, 101-105 (2017)

Pregnancy Outcomes in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes: The TODAY Study Experience

Klingensmith GJ, Pyle L, Nadeau KJ, Barbour LA, Goland RS, Willi SM, Linder B, White NH, TODAY Study Group

Diabetes Care, 39, 122-129 (2016)

Presentation and effectiveness of early treatment of type 2 diabetes in youth: lessons from the TODAY study

Kelsey MM, Geffner ME, Guandalini C, Pyle L, Tamborlane WV, Zeitler PS, White NH, Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth Study Group, TODAY Study Group

Pediatric Diabetes, 17, 212-221 (2016)

Genome-wide association analysis identifies three new susceptibility loci for childhood body mass index

Felix JF, Bradfield JP, Monnereau C, van der Valk RJP, Stergiakouli E, Chesi A, …, Shepherd JA, et al.

Human Molecular Genetics, 25, 389-403 (2016)

Identification, segmentation, and characterization of microcalcifications on mammography

Drukker K, Malkov S, Avila J, Kerlikowske K, Joe BN, Krings G, Creasman JM, Drukteinis JS, Pereira M, Kazemi L, Shepherd J, Giger ML

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE, 9785, 97850S (2016)

Do Women with Low Breast Density Have Regionally High Breast Density?

Mahmoudzadeh AP, Malkov S, Hinton B, Sprague BL, Kerlikowske K, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 548-553 (2016)

A Measure of Regional Mammographic Masking Based on the CDMAM Phantom

Hinton B, Malkov S, Avila J, Fan B, Joe BN, Kerlikowske K, Ma L, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 525-531 (2016)

Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiomery Technology

Shepherd J, Crabtree N

Energy Dependence of Water and Lipid Calibration Materials for Three-Compartment Breast Imaging

Avila J, Malkov S, Giger ML, Drukker K, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 554-563 (2016)

Calibration Procedure of Three Component Mammographic Breast Imaging

Malkov S, Avila J, Fan B, Joe BN, Kerlikowske K, Giger ML, Drukker K, Drukteinis JS, Kazemi L, Pereira M, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 211-218 (2016)

Longitudinal fluctuation in mammographic percent density differentiates between interval and screen‐detected breast cancer

Strand F, Humphreys K, Eriksson M, Li J, Andersson T, Törnberg S, Azavedo E, Shepherd J, Hall P, Czene K

International Journal of Cancer, 140, 34-40 (2016)

Evaluation of Sarcopenia by DXA

Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism, 14, 45-49 (2016)

Relation of Serum Estrogen Metabolites with Terminal Duct Lobular Unit Involution Among Women Undergoing Diagnostic Image-Guided Breast Biopsy

Oh H, Khodr ZG, Sherman ME, Palakal M, Pfeiffer RM, Linville L, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Hormones and Cancer, 7, 305-315 (2016)

Advanced Analysis Techniques Improve Infant Bone and Body Composition Measures by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry

Shepherd J, Sommer MJ, Fan B, Powers C, Stranix‐Chibanda L, Zadzilka A, Basar M, George K, Mukwasi-Kahari C, Siberry GK

The Journal of Pediatrics, 181, 248-253.e3 (2016)

Circulating insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 and terminal duct lobular unit involution of the breast: a cross-sectional study of women with benign breast disease

Horne HN, Sherman ME, Pfeiffer RM, Figueroa JD, Khodr ZG, Falk RT, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Breast Cancer Research, 18, 24 (2016)

Novel mammographic image features differentiate between interval and screen-detected breast cancer: a case-case study

Strand F, Humphreys K, Cheddad A, Törnberg S, Azavedo E, Shepherd J, Hall P, Czene K

Breast Cancer Research, 18, 100 (2016)

Relative Skeletal Maturation and Population Ancestry in Nonobese Children and Adolescents

McCormack SE, Chesi A, Mitchell JA, Roy SM, Cousminer DL, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Mahboubi S, Winer KK, Kelly A, Grant SF, Zemel BS

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 32, 115-124 (2016)

Measuring body composition in low‐resource settings across the life course

Shepherd J, Heymsfield SB, Norris SA, Redman LM, Ward LC, Slater C

Obesity, 24, 985-988 (2016)

Relationships between mammographic density, tissue microvessel density, and breast biopsy diagnosis

Felix AS, Lenz PH, Pfeiffer RM, Hewitt SM, Morris J, Patel DA, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Breast Cancer Research, 18, 88 (2016)

Rare EN1 Variants and Pediatric Bone Mass

Mitchell JA, Chesi A, McCormack SE, Roy SM, Cousminer DL, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Kelly A, Zemel BS, Grant SF

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 31, 1513-1517 (2016)

Physical Activity Benefits the Skeleton of Children Genetically Predisposed to Lower Bone Density in Adulthood

Mitchell JA, Chesi A, Elci OU, McCormack SE, Roy SM, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Kelly A, Grant SF, Zemel BS

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 31, 1504-1512 (2016)

Mammographic texture and risk of breast cancer by tumor type and estrogen receptor status

Malkov S, Shepherd J, Scott CG, Tamimi RM, Ma L, Bertrand KA, Couch FJ, Jensen MR, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Fan B, Norman AD, Brandt KR, Pankratz VS, Vachon CM, Kerlikowske K

Breast Cancer Research, 18, 122 (2016)

Trabecular bone scores and lumbar spine bone mineral density of US adults: comparison of relationships with demographic and body size variables

Looker AC, Isfahani NS, Fan B, Shepherd J

Osteoporosis International, 27, 2467-2475 (2016)

Clinical anthropometrics and body composition from 3D whole-body surface scans

Ng BK, Hinton B, Fan B, Kanaya AM, Shepherd J

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 70, 1265-1270 (2016)

Partial meal replacement plan and quality of the diet at 1 year: Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) Trial

Raynor HA, Anderson AM, Miller GD, Reeves R, Delahanty LM, Vitolins MZ, Harper P, Mobley C, Konersman K, Mayer-Davis E, Look AHEAD Research Group

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 115, 731-742 (2015)

Hip Structure Analysis Precision and Agreement between the Hologic and GE-Lunar DXA Systems

Shepherd J, Fan B, Lewiecki M, Miller P, Genant HK

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 18, 429-430 (2015)

Leukocyte telomere length and its association with mammographic density and proliferative diagnosis among women undergoing diagnostic image-guided breast biopsy

Bodelón C, Heaphy CM, Meeker AK, Geller BM, Vacek PM, Weaver DL, Chicoine RE, Shepherd J, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Patel D, Brinton LA, Sherman ME, Gierach GL

BMC Cancer, 15, 823 (2015)

US White and Black Women Do Not Represent the Bone Mineral Density of Sub-Saharan Black Women

Mukwasi C, Chibanda LS, Banhwa J, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 18, 525-532 (2015)

Relationship of Serum Estrogens and Metabolites with Area and Volume Mammographic Densities

Gierach GL, Patel DA, Falk RT, Pfeiffer RM, Geller BM, Vacek PM, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Hormones and Cancer, 6, 107-119 (2015)

Accurate body composition measures from whole‐body silhouettes

Xie B, Avila J, Ng BK, Fan B, Loo V, Gilsanz V, Hangartner TN, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Oberfield SE, Winer KK, Zemel BS, Shepherd J

Medical Physics, 42, 4668-4677 (2015)

Reproducibility and Intermethod Reliability of a Calcium Food Frequency Questionnaire for Use in Hispanic, Non-Hispanic Black, and Non-Hispanic White Youth

Ollberding NJ, Gilsanz V, Lappe JM, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Winer KK, Zemel BS, Kalkwarf HJ

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 115, 519-527.e2 (2015)

Adolescent endogenous sex hormones and breast density in early adulthood

Jung S, Egleston BL, Chandler DW, Horn LV, Hylton NM, Klifa CC, Lasser NL, LeBlanc ES, Paris K, Shepherd J, Snetselaar L, Stanczyk FZ, Stevens VJ, Dorgan JF

Breast Cancer Research, 17, 77 (2015)

Genetic Risk Scores Implicated in Adult Bone Fragility Associate With Pediatric Bone Density

Mitchell JA, Chesi A, Elci OU, McCormack SE, Roy SM, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Kelly A, Grant SF, Zemel BS

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 31, 789-795 (2015)

The Effect of Change in Body Mass Index on Volumetric Measures of Mammographic Density

Hart V, Reeves KW, Sturgeon SR, Reich NG, Sievert LL, Kerlikowske K, Ma L, Shepherd J, Tice JA, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Malkov S, Sprague BL

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 24, 1724-1730 (2015)

BMD Loci Contribute to Ethnic and Developmental Differences in Skeletal Fragility across Populations: Assessment of Evolutionary Selection Pressures

Medina‐Gómez C, Chesi A, Heppe DHM, Zemel BS, Yin J, Kalkwarf HJ, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Molecular Biology and Evolution, 32, 2961-2972 (2015)

Sex and Ethnic Differences in the Association of Obesity With Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Setiawan VW, Lim U, Lipworth L, Lu SC, Shepherd J, Ernst T, Wilkens LR, Henderson BE, Marchand LL

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 14, 309-316 (2015)

Body fatness during childhood and adolescence and breast density in young women: a prospective analysis

Bertrand KA, Baer HJ, Orav EJ, Klifa C, Shepherd J, Horn LV, Snetselaar L, Stevens VJ, Hylton NM, Dorgan JF

Breast Cancer Research, 17, 95 (2015)

Dense and Nondense Mammographic Area and Risk of Breast Cancer by Age and Tumor Characteristics

Bertrand KA, Scott CG, Tamimi RM, Jensen MR, Pankratz VS, Norman AD, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 24, 798-809 (2015)

Genetics of Bone Mass in Childhood and Adolescence: Effects of Sex and Maturation Interactions

Mitchell JA, Chesi A, Elci OU, McCormack SE, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Kelly A, Zemel BS, Grant SF

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 30, 1676-1683 (2015)

A trans-ethnic genome-wide association study identifies gender-specific loci influencing pediatric aBMD and BMC at the distal radius

Chesi A, Mitchell JA, Kalkwarf HJ, Bradfield JP, Lappe JM, McCormack SE, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Håkonarson H, Shepherd J, Kelly A, Zemel BS, Grant SF

Human Molecular Genetics, 24, 5053-5059 (2015)

Relationship of Terminal Duct Lobular Unit Involution of the Breast with Area and Volume Mammographic Densities

Gierach GL, Patel DA, Pfeiffer RM, Figueroa JD, Linville L, Papathomas D, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Cancer Prevention Research, 9, 149-158 (2015)

Hip Fractures Risk in Older Men and Women Associated With DXA-Derived Measures of Thigh Subcutaneous Fat Thickness, Cross-Sectional Muscle Area, and Muscle Density

Malkov S, Cawthon PM, Peters K, Cauley JA, Murphy RA, Visser M, Wilson J, Harris T, Satterfield S, Cummings S, Shepherd J, Study FTHA

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 30, 1414-1421 (2015)

Fracture Risk Prediction by Non-BMD DXA Measures: the 2015 ISCD Official Positions Part 1: Hip Geometry

Broy SB, Cauley JA, Lewiecki M, Schousboe JT, Shepherd J, Leslie WD

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 18, 287-308 (2015)

Clinical Use of Quantitative Computed Tomography–Based Advanced Techniques in the Management of Osteoporosis in Adults: the 2015 ISCD Official Positions—Part III

Engelke K, Lang T, Khosla S, Qin L, Zysset PK, Leslie WD, Shepherd J, Shousboe JT

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 18, 393-407 (2015)

Clinical Use of Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) of the Hip in the Management of Osteoporosis in Adults: the 2015 ISCD Official Positions—Part I

Engelke K, Lang T, Khosla S, Qin L, Zysset PK, Leslie WD, Shepherd J, Schousboe JT

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 18, 338-358 (2015)

Clinical Use of Quantitative Computed Tomography–Based Finite Element Analysis of the Hip and Spine in the Management of Osteoporosis in Adults: the 2015 ISCD Official Positions—Part II

Zysset PK, Qin L, Lang T, Khosla S, Leslie WD, Shepherd J, Schousboe JT, Engelke K

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 18, 359-392 (2015)

Comparison of Clinical and Automated Breast Density Measurements: Implications for Risk Prediction and Supplemental Screening

Brandt KR, Scott CG, Ma L, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Jensen MR, Whaley DH, Wu F, Malkov S, Hruska CB, Norman AD, Heine J, Shepherd J, Pankratz VS, Kerlikowske K, Vachon CM

Radiology, 279, 710-719 (2015)

Executive Summary of the 2015 ISCD Position Development Conference on Advanced Measures From DXA and QCT: Fracture Prediction Beyond BMD

Shepherd J, Schousboe JT, Broy SB, Engelke K, Leslie WD

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 18, 274-286 (2015)

Fracture Risk Prediction by Non-BMD DXA Measures: the 2015 ISCD Official Positions Part 2: Trabecular Bone Score

Silva BC, Broy SB, Boutroy S, Schousboe JT, Shepherd J, Leslie WD

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 18, 309-330 (2015)

Body composition

Medical Imaging in Clinical Trials (Miller, Krasnow, Schwartz, eds.; Springer), , 253-275 (2014)

Youth and Young Adult Physical Activity and Body Composition of Young Adult Women: Findings from the Dietary Intervention Study in Children

Hodge MG, Hovinga ME, Gabriel KP, Snetselaar L, Shepherd J, Horn LV, Stevens VJ, Egleston BL, Robson AM, Jung S, Dorgan JF

Pediatric Exercise Science, 27, 140-150 (2014)

Statistical appearance modeling of whole-body bone shape and density

Ng BK, Marquino L, Tai V, Sheets C, Mulligan K, Cootes T, Shepherd J

Journal of Orthopaedic Translation, 2, 246-247 (2014)

Roles of biologic breast tissue composition and quantitative image analysis of mammographic images in breast tumor characterization

Drukker K, Giger ML, Duewer F, Malkov S, Flowers CI, Joe BN, Kerlikowske K, Drukteinis JS, Shepherd J

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE, 9035, 90351U (2014)

Compositional Three-Component Breast Imaging of Fibroadenoma and Invasive Cancer Lesions: Pilot Study

Malkov S, Duewer F, Kerlikowske K, Drukker K, Giger ML, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 109-114 (2014)

Automated Volumetric Breast Density Derived by Statistical Model Approach

Malkov S, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Kerlikowske K, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 257-264 (2014)

Combining 3D optical imaging and dual energy absorptiometry to measure three compositional components

Malkov S, Shepherd J

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE, 8937, 893714 (2014)

Automated volumetric breast density derived by shape and appearance modeling

Malkov S, Kerlikowske K, Shepherd J

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE, 9034, 90342T (2014)

Mammographic quantitative image analysis and biologic image composition for breast lesion characterization and classification

Drukker K, Duewer F, Giger ML, Malkov S, Flowers CI, Joe BN, Kerlikowske K, Drukteinis JS, Li H, Shepherd J

Medical Physics, 41, 031915 (2014)

Enhancement of Mammographic Density Measures in Breast Cancer Risk Prediction

Cheddad A, Czene K, Shepherd J, Li J, Hall P, Humphreys K

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 23, 1314-1323 (2014)

Endogenous Sex Hormones and Breast Density in Young Women

Jung S, Stanczyk FZ, Egleston BL, Snetselaar L, Stevens VJ, Shepherd J, Horn LV, LeBlanc ES, Paris K, Klifa C, Dorgan JF

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 24, 369-378 (2014)

Dietary Energy Density Is Positively Associated with Breast Density among Young Women

Jones JA, Hartman TJ, Klifa C, Coffman DL, Mitchell DC, Vernarelli JA, Snetselaar L, Horn LV, Stevens VJ, Robson AM, Himes JH, Shepherd J, Dorgan JF

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 115, 353-359 (2014)

First pregnancy events and future breast density: modification by age at first pregnancy and specific VEGF and IGF1R gene variants

Prebil LA, Ereman R, Powell M, Jamshidian F, Kerlikowske K, Shepherd J, Hurlbert M, Benz CC

Cancer Causes & Control, 25, 859-868 (2014)

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis Association With Thoracic Spine Kyphosis

Nardo L, Lane NE, Parimi N, Cawthon PM, Fan B, Shepherd J, Cauley JA, Zucker-Levin A, Murphy RA, Katzman WB

Spine, 39, E1418-E1424 (2014)

Anthropometric models of bone mineral content and areal bone mineral density based on the bone mineral density in childhood study

Short DF, Gilsanz V, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Winer KK, Zemel BS, Hangartner TN

Osteoporosis International, 26, 1099-1108 (2014)

Comparison of Mammographic Density Assessed as Volumes and Areas among Women Undergoing Diagnostic Image-Guided Breast Biopsy

Gierach GL, Geller BM, Shepherd J, Patel DA, Vacek PM, Weaver DL, Chicoine RE, Pfeiffer RM, Fan B, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Wang J, Johnson JM, Herschorn SD, Brinton LA, Sherman ME

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 23, 2338-2348 (2014)

The Longitudinal Effects of Physical Activity and Dietary Calcium on Bone Mass Accrual Across Stages of Pubertal Development

Lappe JM, Watson P, Gilsanz V, Hangartner TN, Kalkwarf HJ, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Winer KK, Zemel BS

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 30, 156-164 (2014)

Automated Measurement of Volumetric Mammographic Density: A Tool for Widespread Breast Cancer Risk Assessment

Brand JS, Czene K, Shepherd J, Leifland K, Heddson B, Sundbom A, Eriksson M, Li J, Humphreys K, Hall P

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 23, 1764-1772 (2014)

Longitudinal Tracking of Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Bone Measures Over 6 Years in Children and Adolescents: Persistence of Low Bone Mass to Maturity

Wren TAL, Kalkwarf HJ, Zemel BS, Lappe JM, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Winer KK, Gilsanz V

The Journal of Pediatrics, 164, 1280-1285.e2 (2014)

Digital mammographic density and breast cancer risk: a case–control study of six alternative density assessment methods

Eng A, Gallant Z, Shepherd J, McCormack V, Li J, Dowsett M, Vinnicombe S, Allen S, dos‐Santos‐Silva I

Breast Cancer Research, 16, 439 (2014)

The Relationship of Weight-Bearing Physical Activity and Dietary Calcium Intake with Bone Mass Accrual in the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study Cohort

Lappe JM, Watson P, Gilsanz V, Kalkwarf HJ, Hangartner TN, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Zemel BS, Winer KK

High mammographic density in women of Ashkenazi Jewish descent

Caswell‐Jin JL, Kerlikowske K, Shepherd J, Cummings SR, Hu D, Huntsman S, Ziv E

Breast Cancer Research, 15, R40 (2013)

Menstrual and reproductive characteristics and breast density in young women

Dorgan JF, Klifa C, Deshmukh S, Egleston BL, Shepherd J, Kwiterovich PO, Horn LV, Snetselaar L, Stevens VJ, Robson AM, Lasser NL, Hylton NM

Cancer Causes & Control, 24, 1973-1983 (2013)

Analysis of Body Composition in Individuals With High Bone Mass Reveals a Marked Increase in Fat Mass in Women But Not Men

Gregson CL, Paggiosi M, Crabtree N, Steel SA, McCloskey E, Duncan EL, Fan B, Shepherd J, Fraser WD, Smith GD, Tobias JH

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 98, 818-828 (2013)

Total and Regional Body Volumes Derived From Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Output

Wilson J, Fan B, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 16, 368-373 (2013)

Ratio of Trunk to Leg Volume as a New Body Shape Metric for Diabetes and Mortality

Wilson J, Kanaya AM, Fan B, Shepherd J

PLoS ONE, 8, e68716 (2013)

Total body bone area, bone mineral content, and bone mineral density for individuals aged 8 years and over: United States, 1999-2006.

Looker AC, Borrud LG, Hughes JP, Fan B, Shepherd J, Sherman M

Vital and Health Statistics, Series 11, , 1-78 (2013)

Executive Summary of the 2013 International Society for Clinical Densitometry Position Development Conference on Body Composition

Shepherd J, Baim S, Bilezikian JP, Schousboe JT

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 16, 489-495 (2013)

Improved 4-compartment body-composition model for a clinically accessible measure of total body protein

Wilson J, Strauss BJ, Fan B, Duewer FW, Shepherd J

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 97, 497-504 (2013)

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Whole-Body Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Reference Data for GE Lunar Systems

Fan B, Shepherd J, Levine MA, Steinberg D, Wacker W, Barden HS, Ergun DL, Wu XP

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 17, 344-377 (2013)

The Official Positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry: Indications of Use and Reporting of DXA for Body Composition

Kendler DL, Borges J, Fielding RA, Itabashi A, Krueger D, Mulligan K, Camargos BM, Sabowitz B, Wu C, Yu EW, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 16, 496-507 (2013)

Long-Term Precision of Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Body Composition Measurements and Association With Their Covariates

Powers C, Fan B, Borrud LG, Looker AC, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 18, 76-85 (2013)

Agreement of Mammographic Measures of Volumetric Breast Density to MRI

Wang J, Azziz A, Fan B, Malkov S, Klifa C, Newitt DC, Yitta S, Hylton NM, Kerlikowske K, Shepherd J

PLoS ONE, 8, e81653 (2013)

The Official Positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry: Body Composition Analysis Reporting

Petak SM, Barbu C, Yu EW, Fielding RA, Mulligan K, Sabowitz B, Wu C, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 16, 508-519 (2013)

Mammographic density and risk of breast cancer by age and tumor characteristics

Bertrand KA, Tamimi RM, Scott CG, Jensen MR, Pankratz VS, Visscher DW, …, Shepherd J, et al.

Breast Cancer Research, 15, R104 (2013)

The Official Positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry: Acquisition of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Body Composition and Considerations Regarding Analysis and Repeatability of Measures

Hangartner TN, Warner S, Braillon P, Jankowski L, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 16, 520-536 (2013)

Executive Summary of the 2013 International Society for Clinical Densitometry Position Development Conference on Bone Densitometry

Schousboe JT, Shepherd J, Bilezikian JP, Baim S

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 16, 455-466 (2013)

A clinical trial to maintain glycemic control in youth with type 2 diabetes

TODAY Study Group

New England Journal of Medicine, 366, 2247-2256 (2012)

Improvements and Performance of Diagnostic Compositional Imaging Using a Novel Dual-Energy X-ray Technique

Duewer F, Flowers CI, Kerlikowske K, Malkov S, Joe BN, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 569-574 (2012)

Long Term Precision of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Total and Regional Body Composition Measurements and Their Associations

Powers C, Fan B, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 15, 490-491 (2012)

Is Osteoporosis an Obesity Paradox?

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 16, 131-132 (2012)

A Calibration Approach for Single-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Method to Provide Absolute Breast Tissue Composition Accuracy for the Long Term

Malkov S, Wang J, Duewer F, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 769-774 (2012)

Do fatty breasts increase or decrease breast cancer risk?

Shepherd J, Kerlikowske K

Breast Cancer Research, 14, 102 (2012)

Comparison of Hologic’s Quantra Volumetric Assessment to MRI Breast Density

Wang J, Aziz A, Newitt D, Joe BN, Hylton NM, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 619-626 (2012)

Asian Ethnicity is Associated With a Higher Trunk/Peripheral Fat Ratio in Women and Adolescent Girls

Morimoto Y, Maskarinec G, Conroy SM, Lim U, Shepherd J, Novotny R

Journal of Epidemiology, 22, 130-135 (2012)

Height, adiposity and body fat distribution and breast density in young women

Dorgan JF, Klifa C, Shepherd J, Egleston BL, Kwiterovich PO, Himes JH, Gabriel KP, Horn LV, Snetselaar L, Stevens VJ, Barton B, Robson AM, Lasser NL, Deshmukh S, Hylton NM

Breast Cancer Research, 14, R107 (2012)

Pegylated interferon for chronic hepatitis C in children affects growth and body composition: Results from the pediatric study of hepatitis C (PEDS-C) trial

Jonas MM, Balistreri WF, González‐Peralta RP, Haber B, Lobritto S, Mohan P, Molleston JP, Murray KF, Narkewicz MR, Rosenthal P, Schwarz KB, Barton B, Shepherd J, Mitchell PD, Duggan C

Hepatology, 56, 523-531 (2012)

Racial Disparity in Fracture Risk between White and Nonwhite Children in the United States

Wren TAL, Shepherd J, Kalkwarf HJ, Zemel BS, Lappe JM, Oberfield SE, Dorey FJ, Winer KK, Gilsanz V

The Journal of Pediatrics, 161, 1035-1040.e2 (2012)

Advances in the Science and Application of Body Composition Measurement

Baracos VE, Caserotti P, Earthman CP, Fields DA, Gallagher D, Hall KD, Heymsfield SB, Müller MJ, Rosen AN, Pichard C, Redman LM, Shen W, Shepherd J, Thomas DM

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 36, 96-107 (2012)

Lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and bone area: United States, 2005-2008.

Looker AC, Borrud LG, Hughes JP, Fan B, Shepherd J, Melton LJ

Vital and Health Statistics, Series 11, , 1-132 (2012)

Osteoporosis or low bone mass at the femur neck or lumbar spine in older adults: United States, 2005-2008.

Looker AC, Borrud LG, Dawson‐Hughes B, Shepherd J, Wright NC

NCHS Data Brief, , 1-8 (2012)

A multinational study to develop universal standardization of whole-body bone density and composition using GE Healthcare Lunar and Hologic DXA systems

Shepherd J, Fan B, Lü Y, Wu XP, Wacker W, Ergun DL, Levine MA

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 27, 2208-2216 (2012)

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry–based body volume measurement for 4-compartment body composition

Wilson J, Mulligan K, Fan B, Sherman J, Murphy EJ, Tai V, Powers C, Marquez L, Ruiz-Barros V, Shepherd J

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 95, 25-31 (2011)

A comparison of breast density measures between mothers and adolescent daughters

Maskarinec G, Morimoto Y, Daida YG, Shepherd J, Novotny R

BMC Cancer, 11, 330 (2011)

Adolescent Diet and Metabolic Syndrome in Young Women: Results of the Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC) Follow-Up Study

Dorgan JF, Liu L, Barton B, Deshmukh S, Snetselaar L, Horn LV, Stevens VJ, Robson AM, Lasser NL, Himes JH, Shepherd J, Pourfarzib R, Gabriel KP, Kriska AM, Kwiterovich PO

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 96, E1999-E2008 (2011)

Puberty, body fat, and breast density in girls of several ethnic groups

Novotny R, Daida YG, Morimoto Y, Shepherd J, Maskarinec G

American Journal of Human Biology, 23, 359-365 (2011)

Changes in femur neck bone density in US adults between 1988–1994 and 2005–2008: demographic patterns and possible determinants

Looker AC, Melton LJ, Borrud LG, Shepherd J

Osteoporosis International, 23, 771-780 (2011)

Optimal monitoring time interval between DXA measures in children

Shepherd J, Wang L, Fan B, Gilsanz V, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Lü Y, Hangartner TN, Zemel BS, Fredrick M, Oberfield SE, Winer KK

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 26, 2745-2752 (2011)

Association of Spinal Muscle Composition and Prevalence of Hyperkyphosis in Healthy Community-Dwelling Older Men and Women

Katzman WB, Cawthon PM, Hicks GE, Vittinghoff E, Shepherd J, Cauley JA, Harris TB, Simonsick EM, Strotmeyer ES, Womack C, Kado DM

The Journals of Gerontology Series A, 67A, 191-195 (2011)

Effect of 1 year of an intentional weight loss intervention on bone mineral density in type 2 diabetes: Results from the look AHEAD randomized trial

Schwartz AV, Johnson K, Kahn SE, Shepherd J, Nevitt MC, Peters AL, Walkup MP, Hodges A, Williams CC, Bray GA

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 27, 619-627 (2011)

Lumbar spine bone mineral density in US adults: demographic patterns and relationship with femur neck skeletal status

Looker AC, Melton LJ, Borrud LG, Shepherd J

Osteoporosis International, 23, 1351-1360 (2011)

Volume of Mammographic Density and Risk of Breast Cancer

Shepherd J, Kerlikowske K, Ma L, Duewer F, Fan B, Wang J, Malkov S, Vittinghoff E, Cummings SR

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 20, 1473-1482 (2011)

The Impact of Recent Technological Advances on the Trueness and Precision of DXA to Assess Body Composition

Toombs RJ, Ducher G, Shepherd J, Souza MJD

Obesity, 20, 30-39 (2011)

Revised Reference Curves for Bone Mineral Content and Areal Bone Mineral Density According to Age and Sex for Black and Non-Black Children: Results of the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study

Zemel BS, Kalkwarf HJ, Gilsanz V, Lappe JM, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Frederick M, Huang X, Lü M, Mahboubi S, Hangartner TN, Winer KK

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 96, 3160-3169 (2011)

Comparison of Subregional Breast Density with Whole Breast Density

Malkov S, Ma L, Kerlikowske K, Wang J, Cummings S, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 402-407 (2010)

Comparison of breast density measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry with mammographic density among adult women in Hawaii

Maskarinec G, Morimoto Y, Daida YG, Laidevant A, Malkov S, Shepherd J, Novotny R

Cancer Epidemiology, 35, 188-193 (2010)

Fitting of bone mineral density with consideration of anthropometric parameters

Short DF, Zemel BS, Gilsanz V, Kalkwarf HJ, Lappe JM, Mahboubi S, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Winer KK, Hangartner TN

Osteoporosis International, 22, 1047-1057 (2010)

Assessment of bone remodelling in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus

Baker-LePain JC, Nakamura MC, Shepherd J, Scheven EV

Lara D. Veeken, 50, 611-619 (2010)

Adolescent Diet and Subsequent Serum Hormones, Breast Density, and Bone Mineral Density in Young Women: Results of the Dietary Intervention Study in Children Follow-up Study

Dorgan JF, Liu L, Klifa C, Hylton NM, Shepherd J, Stanczyk FZ, et al.

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 19, 1545-1556 (2010)

Tracking of Bone Mass and Density during Childhood and Adolescence

Kalkwarf HJ, Gilsanz V, Lappe JM, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Hangartner TN, Huang X, Frederick M, Winer KK, Zemel BS

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 95, 1690-1698 (2010)

Body composition data for individuals 8 years of age and older: U.S. population, 1999-2004.

Borrud LG, Flegal KM, Looker AC, Everhart JE, Harris TB, Shepherd J

Vital and Health Statistics, Series 11, , 1-87 (2010)

Age at Onset of Puberty Predicts Bone Mass in Young Adulthood

Gilsanz V, Chalfant JS, Kalkwarf HJ, Zemel BS, Lappe JM, Oberfield SE, Shepherd J, Wren TAL, Winer KK

The Journal of Pediatrics, 158, 100-105.e2 (2010)

High adiposity and high body mass index–for-age in US children and adolescents overall and by race-ethnic group

Flegal KM, Ogden CL, Yanovski JA, Freedman DS, Shepherd J, Graubard BI, Borrud LG

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 91, 1020-1026 (2010)

Age-Related Hyperkyphosis: Its Causes, Consequences, and Management

Katzman WB, Wanek L, Shepherd J, Sellmeyer DE

Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 40, 352-360 (2010)

Height Adjustment in Assessing Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Measurements of Bone Mass and Density in Children

Zemel BS, Leonard MB, Kelly A, Lappe JM, Gilsanz V, Oberfield SE, Mahboubi S, Shepherd J, Hangartner TN, Frederick M, Winer KK, Kalkwarf HJ

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 95, 1265-1273 (2010)

Design of a family-based lifestyle intervention for youth with type 2 diabetes: the TODAY study

The TODAY Study Group

International Journal of Obesity, 34, 217-226 (2009)

Compositional breast imaging using a dual‐energy mammography protocol

Laidevant A, Malkov S, Flowers CI, Kerlikowske K, Shepherd J

Medical Physics, 37, 164-174 (2009)

Does standardized BMD still remove differences between Hologic and GE-Lunar state-of-the-art DXA systems?

Fan B, Lü Y, Genant HK, Fuerst T, Shepherd J

Osteoporosis International, 21, 1227-1236 (2009)

Single x‐ray absorptiometry method for the quantitative mammographic measure of fibroglandular tissue volume

Malkov S, Wang J, Kerlikowske K, Cummings SR, Shepherd J

Medical Physics, 36, 5525-5536 (2009)

Magnetic resonance imaging for secondary assessment of breast density in a high-risk cohort

Klifa C, Carballido‐Gamio J, Wilmes LJ, Laprie A, Shepherd J, Gibbs J, Fan B, Noworolski SM, Hylton NM

Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 28, 8-15 (2009)

Dual-Energy and Low-kVp CT in the Abdomen

Yeh BM, Shepherd J, Wang ZJ, Teh HS, Hartman RP, Prevrhal S

American Journal of Roentgenology, 193, 47-54 (2009)

Prevention of Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women: Approaches to Estimating and Reducing Risk

Cummings SR, Tice JA, Bauer SR, Browner WS, Cuzick J, Ziv E, Vogel V, Shepherd J, Vachon C, Smith‐Bindman R, Kerlikowske K

JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 101, 384-398 (2009)

Prevalence and trends in low femur bone density among older US adults: NHANES 2005–2006 compared with NHANES III

Looker AC, Melton LJ, Harris TB, Borrud LG, Shepherd J

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 25, 64-71 (2009)

Cross-Calibration and Longitudinal Quality Control of Hologic Selenia Full-Field Digital Mammography Systems for Volumetric Breast Density Measurements

Wang J, Malkov S, Fan B, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 740-747 (2008)

Computer-Assisted Technique to Delineate Osteolytic Lesions Around the Femoral Component in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Prevrhal S, Klifa C, Shepherd J, Ries MD, Genant HK

The Journal of Arthroplasty, 23, 833-838 (2008)

Development of a Research Agenda for Skeletal Intervention: Proceedings from a Multidisciplinary Consensus Panel

Murphy KJ, Kelekis DA, Rundback JH, Gomolka B, Faciszewski T, Gangi A, Kelekis A, Kraft CN, McKiernan FE, Ruefenacht D, Shepherd J, Verlaan J

Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 19, 631-638 (2008)

Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Method Using a Full Field Digital Mammography System

Laidevant A, Malkov S, Au A, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 108-115 (2008)

Development of a Research Agenda for Skeletal Intervention: Proceedings of a Multidisciplinary Consensus Panel

Murphy KJ, Kelekis DA, Rundback JH, Faciszewski T, Gangi A, Kelekis A, Kraft CN, McKiernan FE, Ruefenacht D, Shepherd J, Verlaan J

CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology, 31, 678-686 (2008)

Improvements to Single Energy Absorptiometry Method for Digital Mammography to Quantify Breast Tissue Density

Malkov S, Wang J, Shepherd J

Lecture notes in computer science, , 1-8 (2008)

Comparing BMD Results Between Two Similar DXA Systems Using the Generalized Least Significant Change

Shepherd J, Morgan SL, Lü Y

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 11, 237-242 (2008)

Improved precision with Hologic Apex software

Fan B, Lewiecki EM, Sherman M, Lü Y, Miller PD, Genant HK, Shepherd J

Osteoporosis International, 19, 1597-1602 (2008)

Comparison of DXA Hip Structural Analysis with Volumetric QCT

Prevrhal S, Shepherd J, Faulkner KG, Gaither KW, Black DM, Lang T

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 11, 232-236 (2008)

Breast Density Assessment in Adolescent Girls Using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry: A Feasibility Study

Shepherd J, Malkov S, Fan B, Laidevant A, Novotny R, Maskarinec G

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 17, 1709-1713 (2008)

Peripheral Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry in the Management of Osteoporosis: The 2007 ISCD Official Positions

Hans D, Shepherd J, Schwartz EN, Reid DM, Blake GM, Fordham JN, Fuerst T, Hadji P, Itabashi A, Krieg M, Lewiecki EM

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 11, 188-206 (2008)

Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography in Children and Adolescents: The 2007 ISCD Pediatric Official Positions

Zemel BS, Bass S, Binkley T, Ducher G, Macdonald H, McKay H, Moyer‐Mileur LJ, Shepherd J, Specker B, Ward KA, Hans D

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 11, 59-74 (2008)

Age, gender, and race/ethnic differences in total body and subregional bone density

Looker AC, Melton LJ, Harris T, Borrud LG, Shepherd J, McGowan J

Osteoporosis International, 20, 1141-1149 (2008)

Comparisons of percentage body fat, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-stature ratio in adults

Flegal KM, Shepherd J, Looker AC, Graubard BI, Borrud LG, Ogden CL, Harris TB, Everhart JE, Schenker N

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 89, 500-508 (2008)

Novel single x-ray absorptiometry method to solve for volumetric breast density in mammograms with paddle tilt

Malkov S, Wang J, Shepherd J

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE, 6510, 651035 (2007)

Effect of Random BMD Measurement Errors on Diagnostic Classification using T-Scores

Blake GM, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 10, 415-417 (2007)

T-Scores and Z-Scores

Shepherd J, Blake GM

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 10, 349-350 (2007)

Effect of ultra-low-dose transdermal estradiol on breast density in postmenopausal women

Grady D, Vittinghoff E, Lin F, Hanes V, Ensrud KE, Habel LA, Wallace RB, Macer J, Cummings SR, Shepherd J

Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society, 14, 391-396 (2007)

Design of the PEDS-C trial: pegylated interferon +/- ribavirin for children with chronic hepatitis C viral infection

Murray KF, Rodrigue JR, González‐Peralta RP, Shepherd J, Barton B, Robuck PR, Schwarz KB

Clinical Trials, 4, 661-673 (2007)

A Generalized Least Significant Change for Individuals Measured on Different DXA Systems

Shepherd J, Lü Y

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 10, 249-258 (2007)

The Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study: Bone Mineral Content and Density According to Age, Sex, and Race

Kalkwarf HJ, Zemel BS, Gilsanz V, Lappe JM, Horlick M, Oberfield SE, Mahboubi S, Fan B, Frederick M, Winer KK, Shepherd J

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 92, 2087-2099 (2007)

Standards and Measurements for Assessing Bone Health—Workshop Report Co-Sponsored by the International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

Bennett HS, Dienstfrey A, Hudson LT, Oreskovic TL, Fuerst T, Shepherd J

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 9, 399-405 (2006)

Clinical comparison of a novel breast DXA technique to mammographic density

Shepherd J, Hervé L, Landau J, Fan B, Kerlikowske K, Cummings S

Medical Physics, 33, 1490-1498 (2006)

Comparison of BMD precision for Prodigy and Delphi spine and femur scans

Shepherd J, Fan B, Lü Y, Lewiecki EM, Miller PD, Genant HK

Osteoporosis International, 17, 1303-1308 (2006)

Cross-Calibration and Minimum Precision Standards for Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry: The 2005 ISCD Official Positions

Shepherd J, Lü Y, Wilson KE, Fuerst T, Genant HK, Hangartner TN, Wilson CR, Hans D, Leib ES

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 9, 31-36 (2006)

Towards Standardization of Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) at the Forearm

Prevrhal S, Lü Y, Genant HK, Toschke JO, Shepherd J

Calcified Tissue International, 76, 348-354 (2005)

Metacarpal index and bone mineral density in healthy African-American women

Shepherd J, Meta M, Landau J, Sherrer YS, Goddard DH, Ovalle MI, Rosholm A, Genant HK

Osteoporosis International, 16, 1621-1626 (2005)

Osteoporosis assessment by whole body region vs. site-specific DXA

Melton LJ, Looker AC, Shepherd J, O’Connor MK, Achenbach SJ, Riggs BL, Khosla S

Osteoporosis International, 16, 1558-1564 (2005)

Novel use of Single X-Ray Absorptiometry for Measuring Breast Density

Shepherd J, Hervé L, Landau J, Fan B, Kerlikowske K, Cummings S

Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment, 4, 173-182 (2005)

Are Breast Density and Bone Mineral Density Independent Risk Factors for Breast Cancer?

Kerlikowske K, Shepherd J, Creasman JM, Tice JA, Ziv E, Cummings SR

JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 97, 368-374 (2005)

Recalculation of the NHANES Database SD Improves T-Score Agreement and Reduces Osteoporosis Prevalence

Binkley N, Kiebzak GM, Lewiecki EM, Krueger D, Gangnon RE, Miller PD, Shepherd J, Drezner MK

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 20, 195-201 (2005)

Quantification of breast tissue index from MR data using fuzzy clustering

Klifa C, Carballido‐Gamio J, Wilmes LJ, Laprie A, Lobo C, DeMicco E, Watkins MW, Shepherd J, Gibbs J, Hylton NM

QDR 4500A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer underestimates fat mass in comparison with criterion methods in adults

Schoeller DA, Tylavsky FA, Baer DJ, Chumlea WC, Earthman CP, Fuerst T, Harris TB, Heymsfield SB, Horlick M, Lohman TG, Lukaski HC, Shepherd J, Siervogel RM, Borrud LG

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 81, 1018-1025 (2005)

Mammographic Density and Estrogen Receptor Status of Breast Cancer

Ziv E, Tice JA, Smith‐Bindman R, Shepherd J, Cummings SR, Kerlikowske K

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 13, 2090-2095 (2004)

Official Positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry

Lewiecki EM, Watts NB, McClung MR, Petak SM, Bachrach LK, Shepherd J, Downs RW

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 89, 3651-3655 (2004)

Use of Bone Densitometry in the Clinical Management of Osteoporosis

Shepherd J, Njeh C, Genant HK

Humana Press eBooks, , 105-119 (2003)

Growth and Metabolic Consequences of Bladder Augmentation in Children With Myelomeningocele and Bladder Exstrophy

Mingin GC, Nguyen HT, Mathias RS, Shepherd JA, Glidden D, Baskin LS

Pediatrics, 110, 1193-1198 (2002)

Discrepancy in Results Between Spine and Hip Scans of a Woman with End Stage Renal Disease

Sherman ME, Shepherd J, Frassetto L, Genant HK

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 5, 95-98 (2002)

Does Osteoporosis Classification Using Heel BMD Agree Across Manufacturers?

Grigorian M, Shepherd J, Cheng XG, Njeh CF, Toschke JO, Genant HK

Osteoporosis International, 13, 613-617 (2002)

Universal Standardization of Forearm Bone Densitometry

Shepherd J, Cheng XG, Lü Y, Njeh C, Toschke JO, Engelke K, Grigorian M, Genant HK

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 17, 734-745 (2002)

Accuracy of mammographic breast density analysis: results of formal operator training.

Prevrhal S, Shepherd J, Smith‐Bindman R, Cummings SR, Kerlikowske K

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 11, 1389-93 (2002)

Measurement of Breast Density with Dual X-ray Absorptiometry: Feasibility

Shepherd J, Kerlikowske K, Smith‐Bindman R, Genant HK, Cummings S

Radiology, 223, 554-557 (2002)

Accuracy of CT‐based thickness measurement of thin structures: Modeling of limited spatial resolution in all three dimensions

Prevrhal S, Fox JC, Shepherd J, Genant HK

Medical Physics, 30, 1-8 (2002)

Classification of Osteoporosis Based on Bone Mineral Densities

Lu Y, Genant HK, Shepherd J, Zhao S, Mathur A, Fuerst TP, Cummings SR

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 16, 901-910 (2001)

Evaluation of a gel‐coupled quantitative ultrasound device for bone status assessment.

Njeh CF, Chen MB, Fan B, Grigorian M, Shepherd J, Saeed I, Genant HK

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 20, 1219-1228 (2001)

Assessment of bone status using speed of sound at multiple anatomical sites

Njeh CF, Saeed I, Grigorian M, Kendler DL, Fan B, Shepherd J, McClung MR, Drake WM, Genant HK

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, 27, 1337-1345 (2001)

Vertebral fractures in osteoporosis: a new method for clinical assessment

Genant HK, Li J, Wu CY, Shepherd JA

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 3, 281-290 (2000)

Comparison of Two Phantoms for Body Composition with Dual‐Energy X‐ray Absorptiometry

Dießel E, Shepherd J, Fuerst T, González M, Genant HK, Carew B, Looker AC

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 904, 107-110 (2000)

Characterization of a prototype pixel array detector (PAD) for use in microsecond framing time-resolved X-ray diffraction studies

Barna SL, Shepherd J, Täte MW, Wixted R, Eikenberry EF, Grüner SM

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 44, 950-956 (1997)

Study of afterglow in x-ray phosphors for use on fast-framing charge-coupled device detectors

Optical Engineering, 36, 3212 (1997)

Pixel array detector for time-resolved x-ray scattering (invited)

Rodricks B, Barna SL, Grüner SM, Shepherd J, Täte MW, Wixted R

Review of Scientific Instruments, 67, 3360 (1996)

Analysis of Trade-Offs Between Spatial Resolution and Detective Area in Crystallographic Detectors for Use with Large-Unit-Cell Crystals

Williams MB, Shepherd J, Sobottka S, Kretsinger RH

Journal of Applied Crystallography, 29, 717-726 (1996)

Study of persistence in gadolinium oxysulfide x-ray phosphors

Shepherd J, Grüner SM, Täte MW, Tecotzky M

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE, 2519, 24 (1995)

Development of a fast pixel array detector for use in microsecond time-resolved x-ray diffraction

Barna SL, Shepherd J, Wixted R, Täte MW, Rodricks B, Grüner SM

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE, 2521, 301 (1995)

Design and performance of a novel powder flash evaporator

Shepherd JA, Sobottka SE, Williams MB

Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, 11, 1451-1453 (1993)

Properties of 100-mm x 100-mm triple stacks of microchannel plates used in a sealed detector for x-ray crystallography</title>'

Williams MB, Sobottka S, Shepherd J

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE, 2009, 2-11 (1993)

Thin-film NaI(Tl) scintillators for high-resolution large-area imaging of soft x rays</title>'

Shepherd J, Sobottka S, Williams MB

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE, 2009, 109-120 (1993)

Performance and fabrication of thin film NaI(Tl) scintillators for use on imaging photomultiplier tubes

Shepherd J, Sobottka S, Williams MB

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 40, 413-416 (1993)

Imaging properties of a delay line readout using large microchannel plates

Shepherd J, Sobottka S, Williams MB

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 38, 154-157 (1991)

Delay line readout of microchannel plates in a prototype position-sensitive photomultiplier tube

Williams MB, Sobottka S, Shepherd J

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment, 302, 105-112 (1991)

Evaluation of an imaging phototube using microchannel plates with delay line readout

Williams MB, Sobottka S, Shepherd J

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 38, 148-153 (1991)

A pendulum with adjustable trends in the period

Peters RD, Shepherd JA

American Journal of Physics, 57, 535 (1989)

An Inexpensive BCD Counter Interface for the TRS-80 Color Computer II

The Journal of Undergraduate Research in Physics, 6, 30-42 (1988)